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“蓝海”公寓租赁 短期仍难盈利

2017-08-17 15:48:22   中国青年网

房企、二手房经纪、旅行社、互联网公司……无论哪个行业,能与租房产生交集的企业纷纷进入公寓租赁市场,当起了“包租公”。在明知公寓行业利润不高前提下,长远的美景成为促使各家企业试水公寓租赁蓝海的原动力。然而,蓝海就没有风险,就那么美吗?

公寓租赁市场或翻十倍

据wind和华菁证券研究所一组数据显示,中国目前的租赁市场规模为1万亿元,相比美国和日本的7万亿和2万亿还有很大的发展空间,预计到2030年将达到5万亿。

“1万亿元的市场看似不小,然而,目前我国公寓租赁在其中仅能占到2%左右。”从业公寓租赁十余年的优帕克集团互联网首席运营官杨剑凌告诉记者,相较而言,国人租房更加青睐住宅,公寓产品早期主要服务于外企来华的高管或港澳来内地长期工作的人。

近两年,有关鼓励住房租赁市场发展的政策密集落地。在打造多层次住房结构的房地产政策指向下,各地的住房供应正从“重售轻租”转向构建“租售并举”态势。

国家统计局数据显示,我国住房租赁市场正在快速扩张。全国约有1.6亿人在城镇租房居住,以外来务工人员、新就业大学毕业生等新市民为主。

另据链家研究院报告预计,2020年和2025年,中国房屋租赁市场租金规模将分别达到1.6万亿元和2.9万亿元,2030年预计会超过4万亿元,中国房地产业将迎来租赁时代。

随着95后、00后新生代租客的出现,公寓租赁总体占比将上升。据杨剑凌预计,截至2030年左右,公寓租赁将达到租赁市场总体的20%,与美国、日本等国家现阶段的市场占比相当。

“蛋糕”体积或将扩大十倍,这让看到其前景的企业蜂拥而至。

2014年,雷军的顺为基金联合联创策源向YOU+公寓投入1亿元人民币,自此拉开了长租公寓爆发式增长的序幕,短短3年有近100亿元资本流向这个领域。从去年期,长租公寓市场加速兴起,其中不乏中介系、酒店系、互联网系的创业力量的身影。

利润不高 运营难题待解

然而,摆在长租公寓面临的首要问题便是前景看似无限,运营却利润不高。

一位国内从事高端公寓15年运营的人士告诉记者,公寓行业不是暴利行业,需要精细的专业化的运营。“其中,拿房成本和装修摊销占到了70%的成本,所以品牌服务和运营能力水平就显得至关重要,用行业内的话来说就是如果品牌和运营能力没有达到一定的水平,包租的房源规模越大,利润压力可能会越大,这个业务可能会变成‘规模大并不见得利润高’。”上述人士表示做好品牌服务,强化专业运营能力是一个品牌公寓的利润增长所在。

“整体市场是蓝海,运营管理却是红海。”优帕克集团北京分公司副总经理乔宥胜表示,房企涌入到长租公寓市场是看好未来蓝海的空间,但目前大家都在积极处理处在红海的发展方案。目前长租公寓服务运营商较多,但没有一家敢称盈利,运营端确实不赚钱。

记者发现,目前房企、中介、酒店等主要进军中高端市场,低则月租5000元/间,高则月租2万元/间。对此,乔宥胜称:“整个行业面临的蛋糕很大,但谁都不知道从哪能切下来。这样的价格,对于大部分租客而言难以企及。然而,再低可能就没有利润了。”

杨剑凌则表示:“长租公寓行业适合中长期发展,需要企业有一定的耐心和运营能力,才可能走到出业绩的那一天。企业不应该急功近利,应该把运营、发展眼光放到15年这样一个长周期来看。”本报记者 崔陆鹏

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