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震后心理援助的四川做法

2017-08-16 06:22:08   中国青年网

震后,在九寨沟帐篷里,“儿童天地”对外开放。川报全媒体集群记者 华小峰 摄

□本报记者 熊筱伟

面对突如其来的灾难,人在没有任何心理准备的情况下遭受打击,会造成焦虑、紧张、恐惧等急性心理创伤,甚至留下无法弥补的长久心理伤害。灾难发生后及时进行心理援助,可以帮助灾难亲历者勇敢面对和走出可能的心理阴影。面对地震的冲击,该如何打开灾区群众心里的“那个结”?8月15日,记者在灾区进行了实地走访,见证灾后心理援助的四川做法。

社会机构:“儿童天地”投运 用陪伴来让孩子发泄情绪

8月15日下午1点,九寨沟县漳扎镇漳扎村二组居民安置点,靠马路边的一顶军绿色帐篷上,挂着一块醒目的彩纸标牌:儿童天地。

这是游乐场?记者走进帐篷,发现它更像个幼儿园:上面挂着千纸鹤,小桌上摆着彩色贴画、积木、拼图。约20个小孩子在追逐打闹、玩玩具。“老师,我可以玩钓鱼玩具吗?”被称作“老师”的王婷婷不停笑着点头,“就一会儿喔,还要一起定规则哈!”

王婷婷还有另一个身份——中国科学院心理研究所全国心理援助联盟成员。在儿童天地,她和同事史加利为附近居民安置点的孩子提供心理危机干预。

说话间,村民祥玛手牵着6岁的侄子斑巴泽仁来到帐篷外。“吃晚饭来接你哈!”祥玛话音未落,斑巴泽仁已冲进帐篷和小朋友玩钓鱼玩具去了。“昨天都还不这样,地震后说什么话他都哭,让他吃饭都哭。”祥玛说,来这儿半天,孩子平静了不少。

史加利表示,对孩子来说,通过同龄人陪伴来让他们发泄情绪较为有效。王婷婷表示,心理应激障碍或具有潜伏性,可能在地震一段时间后慢慢出现,因此将针对灾区开展一年或以上的心理援助工作。

政府部门:7个小组在灾区开展心理援助

“医生,我一天只睡半个多小时,心慌,饭都吃不下。”8月15日上午10点,绵阳市心理危机干预队副队长刘玉一迈出车门,漳扎镇中查村村民尤主特就迎了上去,他看起来激动而虚弱。

“地震前就睡不着?”尤主特摇摇头。刘玉再问,“是睡不着,还是断断续续睡?”“断断续续,总觉得地在晃,想跑。”“家里人陪着睡,是不是好些?”尤主特点点头。

刘玉没有再问下去,反而聊起帐篷的牢固程度、余震感受和家长里短,直到尤主特平静下来。临走时,刘玉再三叮嘱他少在屋里躺着,多和同龄人聊天。

“来了不是第一次了,每次聊完心里会好受些。”村民佐安特意拿出烤饼来表示感谢。

提供心理援助的,并不是只有刘玉一个人。省心理危机干预队队长王荣科表示,在省卫计委安排下,目前已在灾区组织了7个心理危机干预组,其中,6个小组随医疗队在各居民安置点巡回提供服务,1个小组驻扎九寨沟县医院提供固定服务。

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