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俄五代机正式命名苏-57 专家:苏-35仍是未来主力

2017-08-15 16:04:39   国际在线

央广网8月14日消息(记者 朱梁文轩)据中国之声《晚高峰观军情》报道,俄罗斯空天军总司令邦达列夫11日说,正在测试的俄罗斯第五代战斗机正式命名为“苏-57”。那么,作为俄罗斯的第五代战机,“苏-57”究竟在作战性能上有哪些突破?它在未来的俄罗斯空天军中将扮演怎样的角色呢?就相关问题,记者采访了军事观察员徐勇凌。

苏-57隐身性能、超音速巡航存在短板

俄罗斯的第五代战机此前代号为T-50,是俄罗斯苏霍伊公司研制的多功能重型战机,于2010年首飞。军事观察员徐勇凌指出,在第五代战机的研发上,俄罗斯一直试图找到最符合本国国情的平衡点,“苏-57”战机会着力突出发动机、气动外形等方面优势,而淡化对隐身性能和超音速巡航的追求。

俄罗斯的军工研发体系是把T字头作为研制型。上个世纪70年代,像苏霍伊的“苏-27”飞机就是由“T-10”转变过来的。俄罗斯从三代机到五代机,时间跨度超过40年。实际上,俄罗斯是在美国的研发方向和本国战略需求之间寻找平衡点。

“苏-57”传承了苏式飞机高机动性的气动外形特点。在这个领域,苏霍伊公司的技术超越美国,无论是气动外形、飞控技术,还是发动机的飞发一体化控制,都比美国人强。但是俄罗斯也发现,在遵循美国的高隐身技术,超音速巡航这两个方向,俄罗斯在技术上有短板,不可能完全达到美国“F-22”,包括“F-35”的同类指标,所以俄罗斯只能扬长避短。

“苏-57”这款飞机未来可能突出苏霍伊公司的气动力、机动性等特点,而在隐身方面只是略有追求。

苏-57战机未来将边配发,边测试

俄罗斯空天军总司令部和俄联合航空制造公司日前表示,第五代战机的第一阶段测试将于今年12月结束,随后开始第二阶段测试,按计划将于2019年开始小批量生产。军事观察员徐勇凌指出,受综合国力和技术瓶颈所限,“苏-57”的第二阶段测试未必一帆风顺,将被迫走边配发,边测试的道路。

除了国力方面的原因以外,其实它在技术方面想要有一些突破。但是在2010年首飞,到2013年航展上双机编队起飞,就发生了一架飞机发动机着火的重大案例,可见它在技术上也遇到了很多问题。

“苏-57”拖延了将近七年,才进入了第二阶段测试。相对于中国或者美国的科研体系,它实际上就是战术试飞阶段,就是说飞机的安定性、可靠性方面,问题基本解决,毛刺已经不多,要进入作战实用领域的验证。

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