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俄罗斯反腐取得明显成效

2017-08-14 10:18:04   新华网

俄罗斯总检察院执法监督与反腐败局局长亚历山大·鲁谢茨基日前宣布,从2016年初到2017上半年,俄罗斯已经有700多名官员因腐败问题被免职,近10年来有8.6万名各级官员因腐败问题受到行政处罚。目前,俄罗斯检察机关工作人员正在各地多个机关单位巡查。

鲁谢茨基在接受采访时说,腐败问题是官员丧失威信的主要原因,2016年因失去信任而被辞退的俄官员比2015年多2倍。与腐败相关的犯罪给俄罗斯造成了巨大损失。近两年半以来,腐败给俄造成的损失高达1300亿卢布(约合145亿元人民币)。

俄罗斯总检察长尤里·柴卡在今年4月的法律与秩序报告中指出,2016年俄罗斯有32924件腐败案件记录在案,比2015年增加1.4%,共造成超过780亿卢布的损失。

近年来,俄罗斯一直在加大反腐力度。2008年,俄罗斯通过《反腐败法》并成立反腐败委员会,由总统直接领导。2013年,俄罗斯又在反腐败委员会之外成立了总统反腐局,以确保总统反腐政策的落实、监督反腐法律法规的执行、为总统提供专业的建议等。

今年7月1日,俄罗斯总统普京签署了一项反腐新法案,批准俄罗斯设立因腐败问题被解职的官员、军人名单,“榜上有名”的人将不能担任公职。这一法案将于明年1月1日起生效,因腐败而落马的官员信息将被公布在国家公务员信息网络系统中,涉及人员包括被解职的检察院、侦查委员会、联邦消防局、内务部、海关、央行、养老基金工作人员及军人等。政府有权决定在名单中增加或删除官员信息,各单位有义务自觉将因腐败被解职人员列入该名单。分析认为,去年年底落马的经济发展部部长乌柳卡耶夫可能率先被列入其中。此前,俄罗斯还规定官员不允许在海外拥有财产、有义务公开收入和支出等。

乌柳卡耶夫的被捕曾经引起一定轰动,彰显了俄罗斯反腐的决心。除了乌柳卡耶夫这样的高级官员,俄罗斯反腐过程中也打掉了不少普通官员。

俄罗斯虽然已经通过严厉措施取得了显著的反腐成果,但要迎来整体成效还需时日。一方面,俄罗斯的资源依赖型经济结构仍然没有改变,大量资源仍然掌握在少量寡头手中;另一方面,俄罗斯政府部门的权力与经济活动关联紧密,在批准拨款、用地、发放许可等方面还有主导权,容易发生利用职权限制企业和个人的现象,这样腐败就很难杜绝。(记者曲颂)

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