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请来“鸭管家” 效益成倍增

2017-08-15 09:16:23   中国青年网

本报讯 在扬州市江都区邵伯镇有一片稻田,稻田里养着成群的鸭子,既不施肥,也不打农药,农民从每亩田里获得的收入比单纯麦稻种植增加一倍。8月14日,记者来到这片获得中央财政支持的种养项目示范基地一探究竟。

千亩连片稻田绿色浮动,走近一看,就能发现田间有鸭群出没。鸭群所到之处,杂草以及稻飞虱、稻蝽象等害虫被一扫而光,它们俨然成了这片稻田的“鸭管家”。

“这是中央财政农业技术推广项目,基地采用的是苕稻鸭生态种养技术。”项目负责人、扬州大学副校长陈国宏教授介绍,这项技术的核心就是选取耐水性较强的鸭子与水稻同生共长,以鸭子捕食害虫代替农药、以鸭子踩食杂草和苕子化感作用代替除草剂、以鸭粪和苕子作为有机肥料还田,再辅以太阳能灯杀虫、生物技术防虫等,让水稻的整个生产过程都不用化肥和农药。另外,放养的鸭子在水稻抽穗前回收、出售,避免稻田产量出现损害,这样就实现了稻米和鸭子共存的绿色生产。

基地负责人朱静介绍,苕稻鸭共作后,因为严格控制了种植密度、施肥等,水稻产量确实有所降低,但基本可以稳定在每亩450公斤以上。重要的是稻米的安全品质大为改善,售价比普通稻米高。加上卖鸭的收入,一季稻鸭共作的收入是增加了。通过冬季休耕种植绿肥苕子以及鸭粪还田,也恢复和保持了土壤的肥力。

邵伯镇种养大户张西川参加稻鸭共作实验多年,他给记者算了一笔账,传统稻麦连作模式的每亩收入在1000元左右,而苕稻鸭模式刨去有关成本后,每亩收入正常情况在2200元左右,每亩田平均可以多收1000元。他今年已在去年实验100亩的基础上增加了200亩,明年还要力争再增加400亩。

(徐 琪 桑东平 张 晨)

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