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“沙土源”亮出风景线

2017-08-15 08:00:16   中国青年网

经过生态修复,辽宁锦州南山如今已是郁郁葱葱,生机勃勃,成了一座翠绿的屏障,遮挡住了常年由南向北吹往锦州城的风沙。

“我就是在南山脚下出生的,这山以前叫松山又叫罕王殿山,变荒山为青山真是锦州的一个大手笔!”作为一名“老锦州”,71岁的锦州民政局退休老干部艾忠与南山有着特殊情结。

锦州南山历史原名松山,因满山松树而得名。它位于锦州女儿河南岸,小凌河北岸,历史上著名的松锦大战在此打响。由于南山是战略制高点,为兵家所必争,在明清大战和辽沈战役中,山体、植被遭到了严重破坏,是一座废弃的荒山。

站在山顶,艾忠告诉记者:“以前,山上没多少树,一到春天刮南风,满山的沙土都被吹到锦州城里,刚穿的白衬衫一天就得换。再加上那时候小凌河的水臭,没人愿意到松山区住。”

锦州开始下大力气对南山进行生态修复,在保护好原有历史遗迹的同时,把“沙土源”改造成城市中一道绿色风景线。

山体石头基底部分较多,草木不易扎根,怎么办?专家组给出了科学的方案:通过南山海绵化设计和绿化提升形成新的生态基底,海绵山体有助于涵养水土、滋养植被、提升场地的生态效能;用各种设计巧妙的排水沟收集过量的雨水,促进雨水回渗,力争控制地表径流的80%;充分利用女儿河河水作为南山的中心水系……

原有南山的植被生态系统处于退化状态,结构单一,生态效能偏低,还存在果园和公园相争的矛盾,怎么办?

锦州市有关部门经过实地考察和广泛征求意见,制定出科学的规划。把果园修复成与公园共生的整体,逐步打造为集休闲、餐饮和观光于一体的特色果园;运用植被修复山体破损,利用造林整地技术改善陡坡区域的条件,满足植物的正常生长;嵌入特色植物,营造多层次、多色彩的山地生态群落。在树种选择上,以现有生态资源为基础进行绿化提升;以锦州当地乡土树种为主,重点区域适当引入外来植物品种,呈现植物多样化,丰富景观效果……

南山生态修复工程规划面积751.63公顷,建成城市山林区、林地休闲区、生态发展区3大生态功能区,满足生态涵养保育和城市休闲健身两大功能,具有场地生态效能突出、城市与自然交互共生以及低影响、低投入、低维护、高品质的鲜明特点。

经过改造,南山旧貌换新颜。流水淙淙倾泻而下,清风摇摆绿树,空气中夹带着花草的芳香。极目远眺,女儿河、小凌河如玉带环抱,远处清晰可见巍巍辽代广济寺古塔……

扬沙的荒山成了绿色的“宝山”,变成了人们休闲健身的好去处。生态修复后的南山已经成为集景观、休闲、文化、运动于一体的生态运动公园,与女儿河、小凌河形成“山、水、城”一体的生态环境,如今,锦州不仅吸引了5000只至7000只白天鹅迁徙停留,早已绝迹的狍子、黄羊等野生动物也相继出现。

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