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公共服务领域应推广PPP模式
2017-08-15 06:22:06 中国青年网
省第十一次党代会指出:在加大政府对社会事业投入力度的同时,鼓励社会资本投入社会事业。在基础设施和公共服务领域推广政府和社会资本合作(PPP)模式,是转变政府职能、激发市场活力、打造经济新增长点的重要改革举措。政府和社会资本合作模式,是指政府按照依法合规、重诺履约、公开透明、公众受益、积极稳妥的基本原则,采取竞争性方式择优选择具有投资、运营管理能力的社会资本,双方按照平等协商原则订立合同,明确责权利关系,由社会资本提供公共服务,政府依据公共服务绩效评价结果向社会资本支付相应对价,保证社会资本获得合理收益。
政府和社会资本合作模式的意义。PPP模式是市场经济国家普遍运用的一种公共服务供给方式,通过引入市场机制,能够有效促进公私部门优势互补、利益共享、风险共担。该模式是公共服务供给机制的重大创新,有利于充分发挥市场机制作用,提升公共服务的供给质量和效率,实现公共利益最大化,具有其他投融资模式不具备的优点。围绕增加公共产品和公共服务供给,通过PPP模式,在能源、交通运输、医疗、卫生、养老、教育、文化等公共服务领域,广泛采用政府和社会资本合作模式,让渡部分公共资源的建设权、管理权、经营权、收费权,换取社会资本对公共服务领域的投入,使政府从微观管理事务中脱离出来,对统筹做好稳增长、促改革、调结构、惠民生、防风险工作具有战略意义。同时,推广PPP模式对于拓宽融资渠道、加快公共服务领域建设也有很重要的意义。
政府和社会资本合作模式的现状。推广PPP模式是推动公共服务从供给不足向有效供给转变。多年来,公共服务依赖政府供给,一定程度上存在着服务质量不高、效率偏低等诸多问题。虽然近年我国经济增长较快,但基础设施等公共服务不足仍是短板。通过PPP模式提供公共服务,可以撬动社会资本参与建设,形成多元化、可持续的资金投入机制,从而有效满足城市基础设施建设的迫切需要。据统计,目前我国人均公共基础设施资本存量相对较低,蕴藏着较大的基础设施供给空间,特别是城镇化建设速度的加快将带来大量的基础设施建设需求。通过PPP模式提供公共服务,可以撬动社会资本参与基础设施建设,形成多元化、可持续的资金投入机制,有效满足新型城镇化建设的需要。目前,我国正在快速推进政府购买公共服务的政策与实践。2016年4月,山西省人民政府办公厅印发了《关于加快推进政府和社会资本合作的若干政策措施的通知》;2015年11月,山西省向社会公布了首批12个规模为374亿元的PPP示范项目;2016年,山西省财政厅已经建立了省级PPP项目库,面向全省征集PPP项目,并且将形成常态化申报、动态化管理的运作模式。2017年,第一批向社会资本推荐的公共服务领域PPP项目120个,总投资1445亿元。其中:保障性安居工程22个,总投资188亿元;教育领域3个,总投资45亿元;科技领域4个,总投资16亿元;文化领域6个,总投资45亿元;体育领域3个,总投资9亿元;医疗卫生领域13个,总投资253亿元;旅游领域21个,总投资191亿元;交通领域47个,总投资697亿元;养老领域1个,总投资1亿元。第三批PPP示范项目也有19个,总投资134.2亿元。
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