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给文物安全信息化支个招

2017-08-15 05:21:37   中国青年网

【心直口快】

文物保护与科技融合,是实施国家文化创新工程的一项重要举措。随着信息时代的到来,科学技术在文物考古、馆藏文物修复、彩绘壁画保护及文物的预防性保护方面已有广泛运用,尤其近年来在文物安全管理中将科技作为重要辅助手段已成共识,运用的广度和深度随着科技水平的提高也在不断发展。

但由于文物安全管理信息化建设起步较晚,还面临着不少的困境。笔者不揣冒昧,分析个中原因,试着给支个招。

加大资源整合

文物安全涉及文物管理的各个方面,相关的基础信息数据较多,且分散在各个职能部门手中,形成了业务主管部门多,职能监管项目多,资金来源渠道多的现象,客观上造成了多头抓、分头管、资源散、投资少的状况,相互间不联通不共享,成了一个一个的信息孤岛。另一方面,平台不通用,软件不兼容,硬件不共享是比较突出的问题,不能做到共同筹划、共同开发、共同建设、共同使用、共同管理,整体效能得不到有效发挥,造成了重复建设、重复投入的浪费。比如,大多软件开发平台都不是基于本单位现有硬件平台开发的,不同的软件开发公司采用不同的软件模式,相互不兼容,不利于统一使用和拓展,有的单位各类统计、监测、监管等软件几十个,基本不能通用,更不能在同一个硬件平台上运行。因此应搭建统一的公共平台,无论是一个文物行政管理部门,还是一个博物馆或文物保护单位,都在这个平台上,做到一个单位一个平台,多套应用软件同时运行在同一平台上。

加强顶层设计

文物安全管理信息化建设缺乏整体规划,形成了哪一块工作需要就在哪一块搭建平台的不良态势。软件平台的开发也是这样,有的单位不仅硬件平台有好几个,而且各类运用软件也有10多个,甚至几十个。因此,应加强顶层设计,由单位主要领导牵头,花大力气认真做好信息化建设整体设计,按轻重缓急逐步实施。同时,避免部门利益为先,各自为政各行其是。整体建设方案要以“主流技术、稳定可靠”为要务,不可刚建设完就落后了;要有实用性,切实解决实际工作中的问题,不可成为花架子;要有便利性,方便基层一般人员操作,性能可靠便于维护保养,不可过于复杂,中看不中用;要有兼容性,能根据不同需求随时与其他平台融合,不可相互孤立互不兼容。

提高资金效能

基层在信息化建设中遇到的最大问题是经费。硬件要更新换代、软件要提档升级,经费没着落成为瓶颈,因此必须创新建设方式,提高资金效能。如,田野文物安全监控问题,可采用与当地电信部门合作,由其按我方要求安装监控探头、监控平台、软件开发,采用向第三方购买服务的方式,以每年支付租金的形式租用,并根据服务质量支付费用。这样可以每年正常向当地财政申请经费,确保设备完好利用率高。再如,目前有不少当地政府集中建设信息中心,各个职能部门就可把相关资源信息存储在那里,避免每个单位再单独购买数据存储设备,还可以利用政府统一建设的“信息公路”与下级系统对接,把有限的经费用于关键的地方,少花钱多办事、花小钱办大事,提高资金使用效率。

(作者:殷连生,系江苏省文物局副局长)

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