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“励志”式锻炼并不适合所有人

2017-08-14 15:58:39   中国青年网

慈爱嘉的康复师在指导老人做运动。

慈爱嘉的康复师在指导老人做运动。

本期策划 王琪鹏

“94岁老太跑马拉松”,“65岁老人狂做引体向上”,“72岁老人挑战耐力赛”……近年来,各种“老当益壮”的新闻频频刷屏,成为大众的励志榜样。

但对于绝大部分老年人来说,榜样不能轻易模仿。科学合理的运动有助于健康,一旦运动量超出身体承受,轻则造成运动损伤,重则引发心脏骤停、心肌梗死等严重后果。许多老人因为错误的观念,不但达不到锻炼的效果,还造成了身体损伤。锻炼是必要的,科学的锻炼更重要。

大妈“暴走”磨光膝盖软骨

东直门东环广场地下一层,有一家健康体能训练中心,这里是一间特殊的健身房。说它特殊,是因为来这里锻炼的主要是老年人和残障人士。这里作为一家提供专业居家养老服务的机构, 为何会开办一个“健身房”呢?

中心负责人余传寿介绍,老年人身体退化速度非常快,最好的办法,是老人通过运动提升身体机能来“主动养老”。

其实,许多老年人并不是不运动,为了追求健康,他们往往会盲目追求大运动量,结果是“过犹不及”。尤其近年来,在微信运动的步数排行榜上,占据榜首的常常是一些老年人。究其原因,是因为一些老人迷信“饭后百步走,活到九十九”,每天动辄就走上一两万步。

该养老机构东直门项目负责人邓鑫介绍,“饭后百步走”也要因人而异,否则不但起不到锻炼的效果,还会造成运动损伤。曾有一位60多岁的大妈迷上了“暴走”,一开始是跟着别人在公园绕圈,后来不断给自己加量,导致腿部出现了疼痛的症状。出现腿疼之后,大妈以为锻炼有了效果,于是咬牙坚持。等到几个月后去医院体检的时候,发现膝关节软骨居然磨没了。“一般来说,动肯定比不动强。但如果老人骨质疏松非常严重,就不建议这样走。”

“其实对于老年人来说,锻炼并不在于量,关键在于是否能够练到位。”他说,健身房里的设备,每个人来了都能比画两下,问题都不大。但是怎么样练,达到什么样的锻炼目的,这就需要专业人士来指导了。

科学锻炼能提高生活质量

余传寿说,普通人进行锻炼的主要目的是提高身体素质、身体机能,维持体形,使自己身心愉悦。但对于缺乏运动,没有运动条件的老年人和残疾人,最大的问题是身体功能的障碍,他们运动的目的是为了康复,提高身体素质。“这部分人和普通人运动健身的需求是不一样的。”

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