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早期教育非“领跑”,全方位成长更重要

2017-08-14 07:29:11   央广网

“你家孩子报了什么培训班?”这样的问题在家长中可谓司空见惯。上海市质量协会用户评价中心近日发布的报告显示,有57.1%的家长为孩子报名幼儿园以外的早教课程,“早教热”成为不容忽视的社会现象。

专家指出,幼儿上早教课不是越早越好、越多越好,当前的“早教热”源于家长焦虑、培训机构忽悠等。早期教育并不意味着“领跑”,应摆正心态客观对待,孩子的全方位成长更重要。

上过早教课的3岁前幼儿占比近四成

本次问卷调查以上海0至6岁幼儿家长为目标群体,共收集到有效样本2138份。调查显示,0至3周岁幼儿中,有39.9%参加过早教课程;4至6周岁孩子有73.5%参加过。

参加早教的孩子中,参加1门课的比例为40.7%,2门课及以上的比例达59.3%。从每周参加课程的时间来看,1至2小时的比例为63.2%。平均每个孩子上2门课程,每周上课的时间超过2小时。参加课程的主要方式是线下早教班,即早教机构开设的早教课程,占比为83.8%。

调查团队认为,当前上海家庭对早教课程的需求较为旺盛,即使课程收费较为昂贵,家长也愿意投入,整体上呈现“早教热”的状况。

家长焦虑和培训机构忽悠是两大原因

对于当前“早教热”的形成,调查团队专家分析,家长的过分焦虑和早教培训机构的不实宣传是两大原因。专家分析,“望子成龙”“望女成凤”是家长的共同心愿。调查发现,51.1%的受访家长认为早期教育是开发智力,另有22.2%认为是各项技能学习。

调查显示,在已给孩子报名参加早教课程的家长中,40.4%的初衷是“不想落后于其他人家的孩子”,22.2%的家长希望通过短期教育改变孩子的行为习惯。此外,部分家长因工作太忙,没有时间和精力顾及孩子。

调查团队发现,不少早教机构针对家长急切盼望孩子成才的心理,进行诱导性宣传,但课程实际效果并没有宣传的那么神奇。调查显示,有39.8%的家长遇到过早教机构过度营销、盯人销售;另有20.3%的家长表示早教机构存在虚假宣传,不能兑现报名时的承诺。

“早教热”带来的社会问题值得警惕

调查团队指出,不少家长的教育观念掺杂了自身主观意志的功利想法,对早期教育的认知也陷入一定误区。

专家认为,过早、过度进行早教不利于孩子健康成长,不当的早期教育或可给孩子带来负面影响。如在早期教育中,过早地将儿童还不具备认识能力的知识强加于孩子,只能引起他们的无助、困惑甚至恐慌,使孩子们对自己的能力产生怀疑。这种自信心丧失会泛化到孩子的其他活动中,甚至影响他们的一生。

此外,早教机构课程内容、师资力量参差不齐,应引起重视。大部分以咨询公司等名义从事早教业务的机构只需在工商行政部门注册即可,准入门槛较低。调查结果显示,在已参加早教课程的家长中,31.3%的家长遭遇过交费后机构随意停课、更换教师的情况;28.1%的家长表示遇到过交费后退钱难的问题。

针对当前的“早教热”,专家认为,应推行正确、科学的早教理念与方法。家庭教育是早教的基础,早教课程只能拾遗补缺,日常生活中点点滴滴的亲子教育更重要。早期教育并非超前教育,也不意味着领跑,不能只注重认字、背诗、阅读、学特长等智力开发活动,更应关注孩子的全方位成长,培养孩子的兴趣和行为习惯,注重人格教育,增强孩子的学习能力、生存能力与社会适应能力。(记者 董少校)

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