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防治网瘾家庭不能缺位

2017-08-13 04:11:54   中国青年网

【光明时评】

据媒体报道,安徽省阜阳市一名18岁男孩因为沉迷网络,家长把他送到了一家戒网瘾的封闭式特训学校。校方承诺用心理疏导、体能训练等方式帮男孩戒网瘾,绝不会体罚。但男孩来到学校不到48小时,校方就通知家长称孩子不行了,已经被送到医院。当家长赶到时,男孩已经死亡。除了身上20多处外伤外,还有一些内伤。

据报道,这所戒网瘾学校属于非法办学,曾多次收到当地教育主管部门的停止办学通知。事发后,该校已经被当地镇政府查封。近些年,以网瘾电击疗法为代表,一些声称对治疗未成年人网瘾有奇效的机构越来越多。但很多学校不但没有治好未成年人的网瘾,而且使用残酷手段折磨和虐待未成年人,比网瘾造成的身心伤害更为严重。

这些戒网瘾机构对外宣称是教育特训学校,有关部门在查处时,也是从非法办学角度开展执法的。但是,使用暴力、非人道手段治疗网瘾,显然不是教育方法是否妥当的问题了。他们对未成年人的伤害,已涉嫌违法,应当由公安机关开展调查。

戒网瘾学校的行为是否适用于刑法,应该不难厘清。不容易说清楚的,是家长在矫正孩子网瘾问题上的态度。未成年人自我控制能力弱,过度沉迷网络的确会影响其健康成长。但是,一些家长在发现问题后,不反思自身的教育责任,却总想借助第三方的力量解决问题。实际上,防治网瘾最有效的方法莫过于良好的家庭教育。沉迷于网络的未成年人,往往生活在一个成员之间沟通难言顺畅、关系并不和睦的家庭之中。如果不从根本上改善家庭环境,提高家庭教育水平,未成年人寻求虚幻网络解脱的土壤依然存在。

即使父母想要委托专业教育机构矫正孩子的网瘾,也首先要甄别教育机构的水平。然而,一些处在焦虑之中的家长,一看到某些机构对戒网瘾功效的夸大宣传就信以为真,不加思考便把孩子送过去。这样的做法不仅破坏了家长和子女之间的信任,而且给家庭关系造成了更长期的损害。

值得注意的是,因为治网瘾导致的悲剧大多发生在三四线城市和农村地区,反倒是在互联网普及更早、程度更高的大城市,很少有家长把孩子送到这种封闭式的机构治网瘾。这说明家庭教育水平更高的家长,能够更准确地判断孩子使用网络的习惯和目的。同时更说明,沉迷网络不是网络本身的问题,而是家庭生态和家庭教育水平的集中反馈。

未成年人触网问题已经是公共问题,学校、政府管理机构、社会组织当然有必要为家长们做好服务,使得未成年人养成良好的上网习惯。但最重要的是,家庭要自我反思,提高自身的教育能力。

(作者:王钟的)

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