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“墨子号”取得最新成果:国际上首次成功实现千公里级的星地双向量子通信

2017-08-12 08:20:29   央广网

央广网北京8月12日消息(记者张棉棉)据中国之声《新闻和报纸摘要》报道,中科院宣布,“墨子号”取得最新成果——国际上首次成功实现千公里级的星地双向量子通信,为构建覆盖全球的量子保密通信网络奠定了坚实的科学和技术基础,至此,“墨子号”量子卫星提前、圆满地完成了预先设定的全部三大科学目标。标志着我国在量子通信领域的研究在国际上达到全面领先的优势地位。

量子通信是指利用量子纠缠效应进行信息传递的一种新型的通信方式。量子通信的研究内容之一是量子密钥分发。与经典通信不同,量子密钥分发通过量子态的传输,在遥远两地的用户共享无条件安全的密钥,利用这一密钥对信息进行一次一密的严格加密,这是目前人类唯一已知的不可窃听、不可破译的无条件安全的通信方式。量子通信的另一重要内容是量子隐形传态,它利用“量子纠缠”可以将物质的未知量子态精确传送到遥远地点,而不用传送物质本身。去年6月18日,我国发射了由我国完全自主研制的世界上第一颗空间量子科学实验卫星“墨子号”。中国科学院院长白春礼表示,“墨子号”取得最新成果——国际上首次成功实现了千公里级的星地双向量子通信。

白春礼:从卫星到地面的量子密钥分发和从地面到卫星的量子隐形传态,安全通信速率比传统技术提升万亿亿倍,为构建覆盖全球的量子保密通信网络奠定了坚实的科学和技术基础,同时向着空间尺度的量子物理和量子引力的实验探索迈出了第一步。

两项成果已于8月10日同时在线发表在国际权威学术期刊《自然》杂志上。这是“墨子号”科学团队继6月16日在国际上率先实现千公里级星地双向量子纠缠分发和量子力学非定域性检验的研究成果发表在《科学》杂志之后,我国科学家利用“墨子号”量子卫星实现的空间量子物理研究另外两项重大突破。至此,“墨子号”量子卫星提前、圆满地完成了预先设定的全部三大科学目标。标志着我国在量子通信领域的研究在国际上达到全面领先的优势地位。

白春礼:“墨子号”量子卫星的全部既定科学目标均已提前完成,为项目本身画上了一个圆满的句号。与此同时“墨子号”也开启了全球化量子通信、空间量子物理学和量子引力实验检验的大门,为我国在国际上抢占了量子科技创新制高点,成为了国际同行的标杆,实现了“领跑者”的转变。

白春礼表示,在完成既定科学任务后,“墨子号”也制定了后续拓展实验计划,包括基于纠缠的量子密钥、全天时量子通信等已经在紧张、顺利地进行中。同时,中科院已在空间科学先导专项中对“十三五”、“十四五”期间的科学卫星进行安排和部署。

白春礼:这些计划聚焦当前国际重大基础科学前沿,包括宇宙的起源、黑洞、引力波、系外行星探测、太阳系资源勘探、太阳爆发机理、地球空间爆及其粒子逃逸、水循环和全球变化的关系等,其中中科院与欧洲航天局联合支持的太阳风-磁层相互作用全景成像卫星(SMILE)已经立项实施,爱因斯坦探针卫星(EP)、先进天基太阳天文台卫星(ASO-S)已经启动立项综合论证。

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