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105岁的京兆师范附小

2017-08-10 08:25:50   

高明书

通州作为京畿古镇,历史底蕴深厚,不仅是赫赫有名的通天下之州的京杭大运河的起点,也是现代学校教育的肇启之地。除了我们所熟知的建于1867年的潞河书院,建于1905年的与南洋公学师范院、京师大学堂师范馆同列为近代历史三大师范学堂的通县师范学校以外,还有不少的学校也是历史悠久,只不过是名不见经传。

通州区中山街小学现在位于通州区新华西街16号,坐南朝北。从这个普通的校名上我们可能看不出来,这所学校距今已有105年历史了,称得上是百年老校。它始建于1912年,当时名为京兆师范学校附属小学,校址在宛平县卢沟桥。五四运动以后,1920年随顺天府西路厅京兆师范学校迁到顺天府东路厅的通县新城北街73号,在关帝庙旁建立了校舍,仍名:京兆师范学校附属小学。1928年,河北省所属师范学校按顺序编列命名,京兆师范定名为河北省立第十师范学校,故该校名为河北省立第十师范学校附属小学,1933年改名河北省立通县师范学校附属小学,1935年更名为冀东通县师范学校附属小学,1945年改为河北省通县师范学校附属小学。1961年更名为通县中山街小学,1997年9月随通县撤县设区,学校更名为北京市通州区中山街小学。中山街小学的名字一直随着时代的变迁而不断更名,大部分时间它的名字是师范学校的附属小学。

“京兆”二字是什么意思呢?北京城在历史上也是几经更名,在不同的朝代有着不同的称谓。在明清两代,北京附近地区曾经归顺天府;辛亥革命之后,民国政府改顺天府为京兆府,府尹为京兆尹,京兆指的就是这一地区。著名教育家张中行和孙敬修都毕业于京兆师范学校。

再说中山街,这条路在明代就已成街了,东起车站路,西到通惠南路,全长1540米,宽6至10米。雍正七年(1729年)建设的通州到朝阳门的石道就经过此街。这条街因为位于新城内,曾称西门大街,光绪年间改为新城大街,1913年前后因其位于新城内西仓以北,更名为新城北街,孙中山先生逝世后,这条通州主街更名为中山大街。

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