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中国教材出口彰显教育自信

2017-08-09 08:37:01   中国青年网

□黄齐超

2009年,上海学生首次参加国际性标准化考试就击败了来自数十个国家的竞争对手,令全球教育工作者震惊。有人将此称作西方国家被赶超的“尴尬时刻”。现在,一些英国学校试图通过采用翻译版的中国教材来复制这一成功。这些教材与上海公立小学使用的课本完全一致。报道称,从1月开始,英国老师可以选择使用《真实上海数学》教材,这套共计36本的教材直接由中文翻译成英文。

英国引进中国数学教材有着非常现实的背景。当前,英国中小学生的数学成绩堪忧,排名远远落后于中国,英国政府经过深思熟虑,才决定向中国取经,“一字一句地翻译”中国的数学教材。当然,数学教材为洋用是否会遭遇水土不服?这个问题还有待以后观察。

一提到中国的基层教育,大家耳熟能详的那些脸谱化的语句便跳出来:应试思维、填鸭式教学、不注重素质培养……泯灭学生的个性和创造力,似乎我们的教育一无是处。然而,中西方的基础教育各有千秋,都需要扬长避短,相互借鉴,汲取对方的精华。我们的中小学数学教育和数学教材,更加注重数学教育的科学性,更注重挖掘学生的兴趣,所以才会被英国政府相中。其实,不只有英国在反思自己的数学教育,很多自以为是的西方国家,也在做着同样的反思。

反思教育与教材中存在的不足,这很有必要。但是,坚守我们教育中的优势,也不容忽视。就中国的数学教育而言,我们的中小学生屡屡在国际数学大赛上折桂,计算能力在世界排名中首屈一指,引来无数国外的羡慕目光,我们应为之自豪。中国中小学数学教育的傲人成绩,既得益于无数教师对数学计算、思维能力的培养,也与数学教材的科学设计密不可分。

眼下,有一种思潮在教育界暗流汹涌,那就是妄言中国的教育糟糕到不可救药,倡导全部西方化。比如,有人全盘否定我们数学教育对学生计算能力的重视,认为计算器已经普及,没有必要再持续地加强学生计算能力。但事实呢?数学计算能力是一个人综合素质的一部分,很多国家对学生糟糕的计算能力而深深地自责,想反过来学习中国,英国是这样,美国、法国、加拿大等,也是如此。

我们应当承认,西方教育中有很多东西值得我们学习,就像英国虚心引进中国数学教材一样,但是,我们也应当坚守自己的优势和长处,比如语文教学中的诵读,比如数学教学中的计算。把学生从繁琐的计算中解脱出来,这样的建议是中肯的,不过,完全抛弃计算能力,则是另一个极端。试想,西方国家100以内的四则运算需要借助计算器,这真是我们需要的结果吗?

中国教育既需要引进来,也可以走出去,英国引进我们的数学教材,彰显了我们教育的独到之处。同时,也再提醒我们:传统教育中的那些优势和智慧不可丢。 来源:湖北日报网

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