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放疗机房外有个“儿童乐园”

2017-08-07 15:04:12   中国青年网

“瞧这孩子乖的,让爸爸一会儿给买好吃的啊。”看着走出放疗机房的5岁孩子“嘉嘉”和“嘉嘉”爸,房彤发自内心的夸赞。对一名放疗科医生来说,患者安静平稳地接受放疗是最大的安慰。

肿瘤放射治疗,简称放疗,是利用放射线治疗肿瘤的一种局部治疗方法。因儿童肿瘤对射线较为敏感,所以肿瘤患儿接受放疗的疗效显著。在过去,由于恐惧而衍生出的不配合情绪,让近50%的患儿无法接受放疗,进而不得不面临无法医治的绝境。北京世纪坛医院近年来摸索出一套心理干预训练,让越来越多的肿瘤患儿能接受放疗。

今年“六一”儿童节,医院专门辟出场地,为患儿搭建了“儿童乐园”,成为国内首个固定场地的儿童放疗心理训练区。“儿童乐园”开办两个月来,患儿得以更好地接受放疗前的心理干预训练。放疗科主任房彤告诉北京晚报记者,现在来就诊的肿瘤患儿,成功放疗率已经达到99%。

纹丝不动连成人都难做到

1987年从当时的南京铁道医学院毕业后,房彤就来到世纪坛医院(当时称“铁道部北京铁路总医院”)放疗科。“除了我,同学们都没有去放疗科,大家甚至都不太知道放疗具体是做什么的,当时全国第一台直线加速器就在我们医院。”

也正是从上世纪80年代开始,世纪坛医院就与距离不远的北京儿童医院展开合作,接收肿瘤患儿的放射治疗。“我们和儿童医院从那时候开始建立信任,儿童医院做化疗,我们做放疗。”那时,到世纪坛医院来接受放疗的主要是白血病等血液肿瘤患儿。

“来做放疗的白血病患儿,已经经历了太多磨难,他们接受过‘骨穿’(骨髓穿刺)、‘腰穿’(腰椎穿刺),所以一般都很乖。”房彤说,即便是成人患者,要做到在放疗期间纹丝不动,也是非常困难的事情。

“化疗类似打点滴,疼痛集中在扎针那一下。而放疗的难点在于心理,要克服对放疗的恐惧。”放疗是一种局部治疗,需要最大限度地避免射线对眼睛等其他正常组织的伤害。每次放疗的10到20分钟时间,患者必须保持体态固定,而且要接受体模的覆盖。“用体模的目的,一个是对治疗部位定位,另一个就是让患者稳定。”

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