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记录军旅文学精神探索的历程

2017-08-07 04:31:29   中国青年网

一般的文学史是编著者从外向内的观察与研究,大致可称为“外史”。而对话录一类的文字是当事人从内向外的倾诉,大致可称为“内史”。对于军旅文学而言,“外史”固然重要,但仍有很多笔触无法达到的地方。而“内史”虽然看似没有明晰的主题主线,却能道出许多“外史”无法解释的因果。如此看来,需要“外史”与“内史”的相互补充,相互印证。

舒晋瑜的《以笔为旗——与军旅作家对话》(作家出版社2017年6月出版),是对一系列有成就的军旅作家心灵历史的真实记录。本书不仅仅是对他们想法、心得、理念的记录,也是对他们有关军旅文学精神探索历程的记录,更是对中国军人如何构建一个伟大精神世界的记录。

军旅文学与当代中国文学有着某种潜在的联系。可是这种不为人知的脉络又在哪里呢?翻开《以笔为旗》,我发现,竟然有这么多中国当代作家与军旅有着这样或那样的联系。看过《一生只做一件事情》这篇对话文章,我才知道,谢冕先生早年也当过兵。还有马识途、邓友梅、二月河、莫言、刘震云等作家,都有过军旅生涯。这些对话无意之中道出了军旅文学与中国当代文学之间的隐秘联系。这种联系有时是难以理论化的,但又真实地存在着。尽管已经很难从这些作家作品的表象上看出军旅文学的痕迹,但始终能在他们的作品中嗅出了一些味道,辨认出了一些颜色。这些都是军人的,是军旅文学的,是无法抹去的。

《以笔为旗》是一部口述史,是心灵发出的声音。其中每个人的腔调都不一样,但又被一条主题主线牵引着,那就是对军人精神世界的文学探索。尽管每个人对其理解不同,但他们无不认为这条道路,或者说这种方式是光荣的、神圣的。这些参与对话的作家们都认为,军旅文学精神的探索,某种程度上就是对民族精神的探索,寻求军旅文学精神的出路,就是寻求当下中国文学变革的努力。

《以笔为旗》忠实于当代军旅文学的历史原貌,这主要表现在对话对象的选取上。粗粗观察了一下,他们在中国文坛的活跃期大致覆盖了新中国成立后到新世纪十年。通过这些对话,可以看到一个作家完全不同的另一面,而这是读他们的文学作品难以知晓的。比如说读柳建伟的对话录,一个“理科男”的形象跃然纸上,但读他的《突出重围》《英雄时代》却不会有这样的印象。可以说,《以笔为旗》整理并保留下了珍贵的历史资料。

著者舒晋瑜对当代军旅文学是熟悉的。通读全书可以看出,每一篇对话都建立在对访谈对象作品大量阅读基础之上,都是精心设计过的,鲜活完整地塑造了一个个军旅作家形象。她的提问不是泛泛而谈,总是能抓住对象最重要的特点,让对象能集中进行深入阐释。可以说,著者本身的学识、眼光、判断力,保证了《以笔为旗》的质量和可靠性。著者在对话当中也多有点睛之笔,对当代军旅文学史有着精准勾勒。比如,她在与朱秀海的对话中说:“《音乐会》以对战争中的人的生命价值、战争中的人性的独特的思索,不但成为您创作道路上的一个高峰,也成为近年来战争文学创作的一部扛鼎之作。”应该说,这样的评价是中肯的。朱秀海的长篇小说创作,如《痴情》《穿越死亡》《音乐会》的价值在当代军旅文学中是被低估的。说到底,能经受得住时间的考验,历久弥新才是对文学作品最大的褒奖。

《以笔为旗》是一部弥足珍贵的军旅文学心灵史,有温度,有分量,更有无可替代的史料价值,是了解、学习、研究中国当代军旅文学难以绕开的一本书。

(作者:西元)

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