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以深情描写乡土大地

2017-08-05 09:31:54   中国青年网

饶俊姝

《安宁大地》是漾濞彝族女作家左中美新近出版的一本散文集,分为《大地·生长》《大地·生命》《大地·歌谣》等五辑。散文是一种最适合表现生命个体的精神成长和精神升华的历程,比之小说,散文可以更本真,更具在场性,更贴近生命体验的心灵史。左中美的散文很少描写所谓的重大社会题材,而是以地域世俗风情取胜,从自我的生命体验中感悟个体生命存在的困境与意义,寻觅和发掘乡土世界中蕴藏的生命活力,反映万物繁茂与诞育的生命之美。用随性、自在的个性化抒情展示了女作家独特的艺术个性。

在中国传统文化中,“大地”是一种生命圆融的隐喻,给人坚实、质朴、恬静的质感。乡土大地意味着家园的温暖、朴实的生活、文化的芬芳。大地之美在于能够肯定、丰富、发展、完善人的生命活力和自然生命力。《安宁大地》以村庄、菜地、季节、瓜豆、猪、牛、羊、蚂蚁、蚯蚓等乡野俗物为基本意象记录了西南边地少数民族村寨在中国现代化进程中的适应与变迁。作家把童年生活的村庄体验与本民族文化经验、地域文化情愫紧密结合,礼赞无言的大地,以平等的目光洞见大地以及大地上潜滋暗长的一切生命的美质,表现出生命所向往的充沛、饱满的状态和活跃、灵动的特性。以自我的审美体验观照轮廓分明、井然有序的乡村社会,把自己对故乡的深情藏于对人、事、物、景的精雕细刻之中,通过真实琐细的描写来抒发对于乡土美好事物的怀念,阐发乡土的精神美质,向我们展示出一种勤劳、简朴、精神愉悦又自足的乡野生活。“这大地上生长的许多东西,最终,都要回到朴素的神灵那里。木耳是其中的一种。”(《木耳》)作家借微小的木耳,赋予大地一种饱满的生命力,一种宇宙大化的流衍,生生而不息。无论在意象上还是具象上都渗透着无限的诗意。在浓厚的乡土情感之外,更包涵着对于生命存在、自然生态、民族文化等的理性思考和对人类理想的精神家园的追寻。

作家真诚地面对生命历程中的一切,并与之共生共荣,以独具一格的文化心理与姿态去书写这大千世界的万物萌生,构筑了一个灵性化的生态空间。《开花的树》《野草》《核桃》《葫芦及其他》等篇章以自我生命的和谐来达到自我与他者间的整体和谐状态,更注目于万物的生存关怀和精神归宿,坦露自己内心对爱与美的向往。“在那片大地的上面,庄稼一年一年地生长,房屋一间一间地建盖,孩子一茬一茬地出生,桃花一年一年地开放。秋天的云朵走过村庄后面的山岗,看见这大地上岁月的疼痛,以及安宁。”(《未完成的村庄》)这些文字复活了作家对世界的细腻感觉和对生命的深刻体悟。

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