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重组内阁难帮安倍挽民心

2017-08-05 04:31:27   中国青年网

支持率“跌跌不休”的日本首相安倍晋三终于祭出“大招”,改组内阁,以挽回民心。据日本共同社报道,8月3日下午第三届安倍政府第三次改组内阁正式成立,自民党高层人事变动也于当天上午完成。

大幅改组 稳字当先

据《朝日新闻》公布的新内阁名单,原有19名阁僚仅5人留任,改组幅度很大。文部科学大臣、农林水产大臣、法务大臣等“问题”阁僚均被撤换。

曾担任邮政相和内阁府特命担当相的前总务会长野田圣子出任总务相;前行政改革担当相河野太郎出任外相;小野寺五典再度出任防卫大臣;被认为务实能干的前农相林芳正将执掌丑闻缠身的文部科学省。作为政权核心人物的副首相兼财务相麻生太郎和官房长官菅义伟继续留任。共同社认为,安倍起用多名曾担任阁僚的议员,反映出人事安排重视务实,力求稳定可靠。

国际关系学院国际政治系副教授孟晓旭指出,兼顾自民党内派系的平衡也是本次人事调整的一大亮点。他说:“19名内阁成员中,‘岸田派’人数升至4名,与自民党内最大派系‘细田派’一致。而岸田文雄本人调任自民党政调会长这一要职,此举意在平衡党内派系关系。同时,起用持不同政见的野田圣子也体现了安倍的妥协。而没有任用亲信担任要职,也能平息党内对安倍的不满,减轻来自内部的威胁,稳定政局。”

弃车保帅 寻求连任

今年2月,“森友学园”事件爆发,触发了安倍执政危机的多米诺骨牌。5月,“加计学园”丑闻再次冲击民意。两起丑闻爆发之后,安倍一度态度傲慢,导致事态不断扩大。在支持率暴跌的情势下,因自卫队南苏丹维和日志瞒报事件,防卫大臣稻田朋美于7月28日宣布辞职,引发政坛地震。

一系列丑闻使得安倍支持率持续坍塌。日本经济新闻社与东京电视台7月21日实施的舆论调查显示,安倍晋三内阁的支持率跌至39%,相较于6月,暴跌10%。而日本《每日新闻》与时事通讯社的最新民调都显示,安倍内阁支持率已跌破30%,“政权像雪崩一样失去民心”。

改组内阁,弃车保帅,成为安倍维系执政地位的必然选择。据《日经新闻》报道,安倍7月21日在首相官邸与公明党党首山口那津男举行会谈时表示,将通过人事调整来挽回支持率。

据日媒分析,若无法阻止支持率继续下跌,明年9月的自民党总裁选举中安倍前景将难料。新的人事调整也是安倍在为明年争取连任布局。

无的放矢 作用有限

虽然有分析对安倍的人事安排给予肯定,认为内阁改组“多采用曾任阁僚者等强有力的资深人物,也起用了自民党内的非主流派,可见在用心维持平衡”。但改组内阁真的能为安倍“治病”吗?

《日经新闻》近期民调显示,44%受访民众认为安倍的人格“不值得信任”。共同社援引分析称,“对安倍本人的不信任感成为了内阁支持率下降的原因”,预测安倍难以通过改组内阁挽回国民的信赖。

日本《读卖新闻》发表文章指出,安倍政府假如不改变傲慢的本性,“难以重拾公众信任”。英国广播公司指出,安倍的民望急跌,体现了公众对其领导能力的怀疑,同时,其推行的修宪等政策也不得人心。

孟晓旭认为,虽然内阁大幅改组,但核心人物的留任表明安倍既有的主要政策主张不会改变。他指出,若安倍不在政策上作出相应调整,企图仅通过人事变动来从根本上扭转执政颓势,将很难达到目的。

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