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蒂勒森穿梭斡旋暂无果 美中东政策缺位很闹心

2017-07-13 16:13:56   新华网

美国国务卿蒂勒森12日在沙特阿拉伯吉达与沙特、埃及、阿拉伯联合酋长国和巴林外长举行会谈,但未能就如何解决卡塔尔断交危机取得成果。分析人士认为,此事久拖不决将影响美国在中东的利益,而特朗普政府中东政策迟迟未定,让解决这一危机困难重重。

【新闻事实】

蒂勒森的斡旋之旅始于10日。他先前往科威特,会见科威特外交大臣谢赫萨巴赫·哈立德·萨巴赫和英国国家安全顾问马克·塞德威尔。三方发表联合声明,呼吁海湾国家“尽快控制危机,对话解决问题”。

11日,蒂勒森访问卡塔尔,与卡塔尔外交大臣穆罕默德签署两国打击资助恐怖主义谅解备忘录。但沙特等四国发表声明称,这份协议还“很不够”,四国将监督卡塔尔是否履行协议。

次日,蒂勒森抵达沙特西南沿海城市吉达,先与沙特国王萨勒曼和王储穆罕默德就双边关系和地区形势分别举行会谈,随后同四国外长举行闭门会议,但没有对外公布任何消息。蒂勒森13日将重返卡塔尔,继续斡旋。

【深度分析】

以沙特为首的四国和卡塔尔都是美国在中东地区的重要盟友,因为土耳其和伊朗近期在叙利亚问题上逐渐趋于一致,美国希望海湾国家能保持团结,牵制土耳其、伊朗等国。

因此,本次断交危机如果久拖不决甚至将卡塔尔逼到伊朗一边,将对美国不利。在当前形势下,美国希望尽快结束这场风波。

蒂勒森穿梭斡旋也公开表明美国不希望断交危机继续。在断交方与卡塔尔难以达成一致、危机可能升级的关键时刻,美国出面喊停,让素来重视美国意见的沙特不得不重新审视局势,为危机解决带来转机。

但这场始于美国“离间计”的危机让被离间的双方在一开始就对形势出现了误判,目前都骑虎难下,即便美国已经“叫停”,估计也很难在短期内收效。

【第一评论】

蒂勒森的斡旋迄今没有取得显著效果,主要原因还是美国总统特朗普的中东政策一直没有确定,面对危机美方左支右绌。

卡塔尔断交风波的出现,缘于美国企图通过挑拨海湾国家关系,激活这些国家之间的旧怨,为美国插手该地区事务拓展空间。这本是美国的惯用伎俩。但这种小伎俩一般只在完备成熟的地区政策大框架下才能奏效。

但特朗普政府目前缺的恰恰就是完备成熟的中东政策。这也是卡塔尔断交风波爆发后,特朗普与美国相关官员经常各说各话、相互“打脸”的主要原因。

卡塔尔断交风波说明,如果特朗普政府继续维持其对外政策的不确定性,它处理国际问题的能力必将受到限制,所谓“让美国再次伟大”的口号恐怕也将成为画饼。

【背景链接】

6月5日,沙特、阿联酋、埃及、巴林以卡塔尔“支持恐怖主义”“破坏地区安全局势”为由,宣布与卡塔尔断交,并开始对卡塔尔实施禁运和封锁。随后,又有多个国家宣布与卡塔尔断交。

6月23日,四国通过科威特向卡塔尔递交了13点要求清单作为解决断交危机的条件。

7月5日,四国在开罗发表联合声明称,卡塔尔针对四国13点要求作出的回复不能令人满意。对此,卡塔尔外交部表示遗憾。

(原标题:蒂勒森穿梭斡旋暂无果 美中东政策缺位很闹心)

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