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卡塔尔断交风波持续 各方克制为哪般?

2017-07-07 08:03:18   新华网

埃及、沙特、阿联酋和巴林四国5日表示,不满意卡塔尔对解决断交危机13点要求的回复,四国外长将于近期在巴林商讨下一步对策。

这意味着卡塔尔断交风波还将持续,但在这一回合,双方表态都较为克制,给未来的对话和斡旋留下了空间。

【新闻事实】

在四国外长开罗会晤后举行的联合新闻发布会上,沙特外交大臣朱拜尔说,四国将在合适时间对卡塔尔的回复予以回应,目前对卡塔尔实施的制裁将继续。

卡塔尔方面此前表示,四国提出的13点要求是对卡塔尔主权的限制,不过卡塔尔愿在合适的原则与条件下举行进一步对话。

据报道,这13点要求包括卡塔尔撤回驻伊朗外交人员,终止所有同伊朗的军事合作,关闭半岛电视台及下属所有频道等。

【深度分析】

四国外长开罗会谈并未公开卡塔尔对13点要求的回复,四国在作出回应时也没有使用强硬措辞或提出新的制裁方案,双方都表现得比较克制。

在四国外长会同日,美国总统特朗普与埃及总统塞西通电话强调,卡塔尔断交风波有关各方应通过建设性协商解决问题。

开罗大学国际关系教授穆罕默德·侯赛因认为,特朗普与塞西通话,相当于向四国释放了暂缓激化矛盾的信号,四国不会撇开美国贸然行事。

分析人士认为,四国下一步即便扩大对卡塔尔的制裁,规模和力度也会适当克制,在不逼迫卡塔尔投向伊朗与土耳其等地区大国的前提下,推动美国采取更积极的斡旋手段。

【第一评论】

卡塔尔断交危机已持续一个月,在政治上导致阿拉伯世界的逊尼派与什叶派矛盾进一步公开化和加剧,影响到地区和平与稳定,使整个中东地区局势更加复杂。

经济上,断交危机相关各国皆为输家。遭受制裁的卡塔尔损失已超300亿美元。而施加制裁的沙特、埃及等国与卡塔尔的经贸往来频繁,断交无异“杀敌一千、自损八百”。

对于复杂的中东局势而言,卡塔尔断交危机无疑火上浇油。相关各方只有以中东和平发展大局为重,积极推动斡旋谈判,早日促成危机解决,才能及时止损,为稳定地区局势作出贡献。

【背景链接】

6月5日,沙特、阿联酋、巴林和埃及四国以卡塔尔“支持恐怖主义”“破坏地区安全”为由,宣布与卡塔尔断交,并对卡塔尔实施禁运和封锁。6月23日,四国通过科威特向卡塔尔递交了13点要求清单作为解决断交危机的条件,并限定卡塔尔在10日内予以答复。

断交危机给卡塔尔经济造成巨大冲击。经济学家估计,因民航停飞、海运中断、股市下挫、物资匮乏致物价飞涨等因素,断交对卡塔尔造成的经济损失已超过300亿美元。

4日,卡塔尔宣布将大幅提高液化天然气产量,由目前的年产7700万吨提升至2024年的1亿吨,增幅接近30%。

如此大幅度提高天然气产量,将对国际石油市场产生巨大冲击,使严重依赖石油出口的海湾国家,尤其是沙特蒙受重大损失。(参与记者:王储、危玮、马晓燕;编辑:王丰丰)

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