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中国发布《中长期油气管网规划》 将拓展“一带一路”进口通道

2017-07-12 19:12:44   国际在线

国际在线报道(记者 肖中仁):根据最新出台的《中长期油气管网规划》,到2025年,中国油气管网规模将达到24万公里,网络覆盖进一步扩大,结构更加优化,储存和运输能力大幅提升。规划还提到,天然气管道将基本覆盖50万人口以上的城市,拓展“一带一路”进口通道。

近年来,伴随着中国油气消费和进口量的增长,油气管网规模不断扩大,建设和运营水平大幅提升,基本适应了经济社会发展对生产消费和资源输送的要求。截至2015年底,中国的原油、成品油、天然气主干管道里程分别达到2.7万、2.1万和6.4万公里。

据国家发展改革委基础司副司长郑剑介绍,尽管油气管网发展取得积极成效,但在规模、布局、体制等方面仍存在短板。“一是总的规模偏小,与发达国家相比差距较大。初步测算,我国100万吨油当量和1万平方公里国土面积,对应的管网里程分别为160公里和120公里。这个水平相当于美国的四分之一和八分之一,低于欧盟和俄罗斯的管网密度。二是油气管网网络还不完善,突出表现在布局上不太合理。比如目前全国天然气主干管网相互之间不尽联通,西藏还没接入天然气管网,全国常住城镇人口中只有三分之一能够使用天然气。”

郑剑还透露,目前中国石油对外依存度超过64%,天然气对外依存度达到33.4%。据预测,到2025年,中国天然气消费量和用户人数都将翻一番,目前的进口通道还不能满足未来油气进口需要。

对此,国家发展改革委和国家能源局新印发的《中长期油气管网规划》确定,到2025年,全国油气管网规模达到24万公里,网络覆盖面进一步扩大,结构更优化,储运能力大幅提升。全国省市区成品油、天然气主干管网全部联通,100万人口以上的城市成品油管道基本接入,50万人口以上城市天然气管道基本覆盖。

郑剑表示,中国未来还将加快构建“衔接上下游、沟通东西部、贯通南北方”的油气管网体系,拓展“一带一路”进口通道。“首先是扩大陆上油气管道进口能力,同时稳定海上石油接驳能力,大力提升LNG(液化天然气)接收能力,形成东北、西北、西南陆海并重的通道格局。周边国家联通,从方向来讲,包括我们对俄罗斯,对中亚国家,通过缅甸来衔接印度洋,再有新的方向要根据境外资源的基本情况和国内对接区域的基本条件来确定,可能不会有大的开辟,会利用好既有通道拓展输送能力,同时增加输送的品种。”

根据规划,中国未来将完善油气管网公平接入机制,实现管道运输和销售分开。此外,在加大中央预算内投资的同时,创新油气管网投融资机制,鼓励社会资本投资油气管道项目。创新债券发行品种和方式,广泛吸引海外投资,鼓励国内外社会资本设立油气国际合作基金。

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