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更安静致命!美媒称“中国潜艇威胁”让美军紧张

2017-06-21 11:20:24   环球时报

【环球网军事6月21日报道 环球时报特约记者 张在东】近年来中国国产航母和多型新型驱逐舰的亮相吸引了外界的高度关注。但在美军眼中,常年潜伏水下难得一见的解放军潜艇部队才是更可怕的威胁。五角大楼和美国智库的一系列最新报告都发出警告称,中国潜艇部队正在不断发展壮大,实现航程拓展、静音性能增强、武器杀伤力升级等重大突破,将成为“中国挑战美国霸主地位的战略力量”。

中国更安静、更致命

美军事专栏记者比尔·格茨19日在香港《亚洲时报》上撰文宣称,中国海军力量的急剧增长是十多年来牵动国际军事局势的重大事件,尽管航母辽宁舰、国产宙斯盾驱逐舰等大型水面舰艇更为引人注目,但不断增强的中国核潜艇和常规潜艇,以及越来越多的潜射导弹或许更具有战略威胁。

报道强调称,不久前,中国海军大多数水下兵力还是噪音较大的老式潜艇,极易遭到美国潜艇的侦测、跟踪和摧毁。但近年来,中国引入并自造新型潜艇,核潜艇和常规潜艇力量不断发展,水下愈发安静,攻击力也愈发增强。五角大楼的“中国军力报告”已经注意到中国潜艇部队发展的新动向。

五角大楼报告披露,如今中国共有63艘潜艇,其中攻击型核潜艇5艘、弹道导弹核潜艇4艘、常规潜艇54艘。未来两三年内,中国潜艇总数将达到69-78艘。从质量上看,搭载反舰导弹的中国潜艇越来越多。20世纪90年代以来,中国已建成13艘“宋”级常规潜艇、17艘使用AIP系统的“元”级潜艇,2020年还将有3艘“元”级潜艇交付。此外,中国还从俄罗斯购买了12艘“基洛”级潜艇,其中8艘可以发射远程大威力巡航导弹。在核潜艇方面,2002年以来,中国建成2艘“商”级和4艘“商”级改进型攻击核潜艇,以及4艘新型“晋”级弹道导弹核潜艇,后者具有打击美国本土的远程核攻击能力。

五角大楼报告认为,“晋”级核潜艇是中国第一支真正意义上的海基核威慑力量。为实现轮换战备值班,中国可能还会建造5艘“晋”级核潜艇。

战略指导“转守为攻”

美国《国家利益》网站19日则援引美国海军学院副教授莱尔·戈德斯坦的分析称,在装备更新的同时,中国海军潜艇部队的指导思想也在改变。

报道引用中国青岛潜艇学院的一篇研究论文称,中国海军学者提出“潜艇水下兵力走向远洋”的课题,把潜艇从“看家护院的平台”,变成保卫“一带一路”战略实施的“全球进攻突防兵器”。《国家利益》称,中国考虑调整以常规潜艇为主的兵力构成,优先部署核潜艇,打造远洋防御作战的杀手锏。要实现远洋航行,中国潜艇必须加强反潜、反舰、防空实战化训练,开展布设水雷、情报侦察、投送特种部队等演练。同时中国海军还需要一系列配合动作,例如收集大气和水温数据、完善战术声呐数据库、建立敌我目标识别系统等。美国海军情报部门的报告认为,潜艇将成为中国“非接触作战”的组成部分,能在敌方国土之外使用远程精确制导武器发起外科手术式打击。

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