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国际在线报道(记者 郭胜昔):当地时间13日,甲醇政策论坛在华盛顿举行。该活动由中华能源基金委员会与美国全球安全分析研究所、美国能源安全理事会共同举办。中华能源基金委员会常务副主席兼秘书长何志平在论坛上呼吁中美两国把握机遇,共同发展甲醇经济,解决运输燃料清洁化问题。
美国政府前官员、业界领袖、能源政策专家及相关海外学者应邀出席论坛。论坛旨在探讨作为传统能源替代品的甲醇向全球运输燃料市场的渗透和对经济发展的影响。何志平表示,可持续发展是世界各国在21世纪面临的共同挑战,交通运输能源的清洁化是未来几十年人类必须解决的重要问题。
众所周知,交通运输是经济和社会发展的关键性推动因素之一,但现今运输系统出现了截然不同的两极困境:一方面,发展中国家、特别是农村地区交通基础设施发展严重滞后;另一方面,发达国家过度使用交通工具导致了严重的环境污染。在全球范围内,交通运输业的碳排放量占全球各行业碳排放总量的23%。拥有13亿人口的中国面临着上述双重挑战,既要在落后地区加强基础设施建设,又要解决大城市的交通拥堵和污染问题。据悉,2016年中国机动车保有量达到了2.9亿辆,位居全球第二。何志平认为,要实现交通运输系统的可持续发展,就要解决包括汽车、船舶和飞机等运输工具的燃料问题。在这方面,甲醇燃料有望为经济、环境和消费者带来福音,并有潜力帮助中国和世界应对运输燃料方面的挑战。
对中国来说,甲醇生产具有独特优势。中国拥有较为丰富的煤炭储备,而且拥有将煤炭转化成甲醇的技术。中国在甲醇动力汽车研发方面也有数十年经验,在多个省市开展了各种试点项目。目前中国约有500万辆机动车使用甲醇燃料。何志平表示,甲醇为时代的挑战提供了高效、可持续和经济实惠的解决方案。他呼吁中美把握机遇,共同发展甲醇经济,加强甲醇技术研究与交流,用甲醇替代运输行业广泛使用的化石燃料,以降低碳排放量,进而解决大气污染问题,最终实现21世纪的可持续发展。
甲醇是一种简单分子,可直接由一氧化碳、二氧化碳和氢气制造。这意味着它可以用作碳汇,吸收并储存二氧化碳,甚至可以将生产中排放的碳作为主要生产原料。这有助于应对气候变化。另外,甲醇属于可生物降解燃料,燃烧甲醇比燃烧汽油更清洁,在技术上也更易处理。
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