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新华社北京6月12日电英国研究人员日前报告说,他们利用植物的木质素研制出易降解的微型颗粒,可用于取代目前添加在日化用品中的塑料微粒,以减少塑料微粒对海洋的污染。
直径小于0.5毫米的球状塑料颗粒常被添加至洗面奶、沐浴露、牙膏、护肤霜等日化用品中,使产品具备柔滑的使用感。由于尺寸太小,塑料微粒无法被现有污水处理系统过滤,最终会流入海洋,要花几百年才能降解。
据估计,洗一次淋浴会导致10万个塑料微粒进入海洋。环保专家担心,塑料微粒会被小型海洋生物吞食,进入食物链、危害野生动物,甚至可能流向人类餐桌。
英国巴斯大学日前发布新闻公报说,该校研究可持续化工技术的专家利用木质素生产出一种微型颗粒,可代替塑料微粒添加至日化用品中。木质素是一种广泛存在于植物中的坚韧纤维。研究人员将木质素溶解,使溶液通过带微孔的膜,形成微小的圆形液滴,随后凝固成形。
研究人员说,这种微粒的坚固程度足以满足日化用品应用需求,但流入下水系统后很容易被微生物分解成无害的糖类物质,即使进入自然环境也会很快降解。他们将与工业界合作,开发大规模生产这种微粒的方法。
(原标题:英科学家研制出替代塑料微粒的环保产品)
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