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2016广东海洋环境质量总体稳定 陆源排污压力较大

2017-06-09 13:48:05   国际在线

国际在线消息(记者 林丽丽 通讯员 粤海渔):《2016年广东省海洋环境状况公报》(下称《环境公报》)和《2016年广东省海洋灾害公报》(下称《灾害公报》)8日在广州发布。

《环境公报》显示,2016年广东全省海洋环境质量状况总体稳定,全年近岸海域水质符合第一、二类海水水质标准的面积比例约为85.2%,海洋生物多样性基本稳定,陆源排污压力依然较大。

近岸海域环境方面,2016年全省在近岸海域共布设295个水质监测站位,开展春季、夏季、秋季和冬季海水质量监测表明,全省近岸海水水质状况总体良好,近岸海域海水符合第一、二类海水水质标准的面积比例为85.2%。海水质量基本保持稳定。

大亚湾、珠江口、汕头近岸、茂名近岸、湛江东部近岸及雷州半岛西南沿岸海域监测的浮游植物和浮游动物多样性指数等级为较差到较好。徐闻珊瑚礁、雷州珍稀海洋生物、惠东港口海龟、珠江口中华白海豚、南澎列岛海洋生态等国家级自然保护区和特呈岛、海陵岛和雷州乌石等国家级海洋公园保护对象状况总体稳定。粤东、粤西、珠江口和北部湾等沿海四大渔场平均渔获率为330.34kg/h,较2015年下降14.62%。

在广东全省实施监测的74个各类代表性入海排污口中,有27个入海排污口超标排放,超标率约36.5%,主要超标因子为总磷、化学需氧量(CODCr)、氨氮、五日生化需氧量(BOD5)。

2016年,海水增养殖区监测结果表明,总体水质状况和沉积物质量能够满足海水增养殖区功能的要求。重点监测的6个海水浴场健康指数均达到优良水平,1个重点滨海旅游度假区环境状况指数达到优良水平。

《灾害公报》显示,2016年,广东省海洋灾害总体灾情较往年偏轻,但海洋灾害直接经济损失仍居全国第二位;各类海洋灾害造成直接经济损失约9.63亿元,其中风暴潮灾害是造成直接经济损失最严重的海洋灾害,占全部海洋灾害直接经济损失的96.2%。全省海域共发生风暴潮过程4次,共造成直接经济损失9.26亿元,受灾人口194.60万人。其中最严重的“海马”台风风暴潮灾害就造成直接经济损失7.59亿元。广东省沿海2016年共发现赤潮13次,累计面积约为944.31平方公里,为2006年以来累计面积最多的年份。

此外,2016年广东省沿海海平面较2015年上升65毫米,比常年高92毫米;部分地市发生咸潮入侵,以及存在海岸侵蚀、海水入侵与土壤盐渍化等现象。

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