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中国今天接棒,上合组织如何对接“一带一路”?

2017-06-10 17:01:41   国际在线

6月10日,上合组织第十七次元首理事会在阿斯塔纳落下帷幕后,中国正式接过轮值主席国的接力棒。上合组织峰会,由此进入了北京时间。

回顾本次阿斯塔纳峰会,一个重要看点是观察员印度、巴基斯坦被接纳为正式成员,上合组织完成首次扩容。印巴的加入不仅壮大了上合组织队伍,扩大了朋友圈,更为上合组织各领域建设带来有生力量,有助于上合组织对接“一带一路”。

印巴加入意味着上合组织国际地位和威望的进一步提升,有利于“上海精神”的弘扬和传承。今天,上合组织已经成为世界上最大的区域性国际组织,地域覆盖面积从北极到印度洋,从太平洋辐射到大西洋,总人口达到31亿,在全球占比44%,GDP总量超过20%。

值得关注的是,上合组织扩容为对接“一带一路”带来生机。印度是重要的新兴经济体之一,又是金砖国家成员。巴基斯坦则是“一带一路”倡议的积极支持者和重要参与国。如今,中巴经济走廊已经成为“一带一路”框架内的旗舰项目。印巴进入改变了“中俄 + 中亚”的传统架构,把上合组织经济合作的空间从中亚扩展到南亚,上合组织经济合作的短板有望转变。特别是,上合组织对接“一带一路”,两者互为机遇,相互促进。依托“一带一路”的丝路基金和亚投行,上合组织的一些大型多边经济合作项目,有望在不久的将来落地开花。

各方对扩容后未来一年上合组织的发展方向、对北京2018年上合峰会充满期待。实际上,从习近平主席在本次阿斯塔纳峰会上发表的讲话中,可以感受到2018年北京峰会和上合组织2017-2018年发展的轮廓,以及五个优先发展方向:

一是“巩固团结协作”,秉承“上海精神”,保持团结协作的良好传统,新老成员深化互信、加大相互支持,共同打造休戚与共的命运共同体。二是“携手应对挑战”,共同铸造区域安全稳定的基石。上合组织打击“三股势力”的斗争任重道远,维护地区稳定依然是上合组织的首要任务。三是“深化务实合作”,以上合组织为重要平台,加快推进“一带一路”与欧亚经济联盟以及哈萨克斯坦“光明之路”等发展战略的对接建设。四是“拉紧人文纽带”,促进上合组织国家民众尤其是青年一带的心灵相通。五是“坚持开放包容”,继续探讨组织扩容。

针对以上五个优先方向,在习主席讲话展示的中国方案中,特别提及了一系列具体倡议。其中有制定《上海合作组织成员国长期睦邻友好合作条约》未来5年实施纲要;推动落实阿斯塔纳峰会签署的《上海合作组织反极端主义公约》,加强上合组织地区反恐机构建设,倡议举办防务安全论坛,制定未来3年打击“三股势力”合作纲要;倡议逐步建立区域经济合作制度性安排,并从签署《上合组织贸易便利化协定》做起。在促进组织各领域发展方面,中国主张加强智库合作力度,倡议成立经济智库联盟和电子商务工商联盟,建立媒体合作机制。中方将主办上合组织首届媒体峰会。

习近平主席的重要讲话,及其所详述的2017-2018年上合组织发展“中国方案”,博得了上合组织国家元首们的高度评价和热情支持。各国从这一时刻开始,翘首期盼2018年北京峰会,上合组织也将在对接“一带一路”中焕发更大生机。

(陈玉荣 中国国际问题研究院欧亚所所长)

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