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【专家谈】上合组织阿斯塔纳峰会的五大特殊之处

2017-06-08 20:41:04   法制网

法制网特约评论员 孙壮志

6月8至9日,习近平主席将在哈萨克斯坦首都阿斯塔纳出席上合组织第十七次元首理事会会议。今年适值《上海合作组织宪章》签署15周年、《上海合作组织成员国长期睦邻友好合作条约》签署10周年,加上会议结束后中国将接任上合组织轮值主席国,因此峰会的召开引起了国际社会的特别关注。

背景特殊,机遇挑战并存。当前上合组织所在地区及周边国际环境非常复杂,大国关系正经历深刻调整,地缘政治形势发生急剧变化;各成员国经济发展普遍遇到结构调整艰难、外部压力增大等难题,对区域合作需求增多;恐怖主义、毒品走私等现实威胁和阿富汗问题等热点难以消除,需要共同寻求应对之策。因此,峰会将通过《阿斯塔纳宣言》,对当前国际和地区问题表明共同立场,凝聚更多共识。

成果特殊,拓宽合作领域。峰会期间将签署《上海合作组织反极端主义公约》、旅游合作纲要等一系列文件,对一年来多边合作的进展进行总结,规划上合组织下一步发展的重点方向。成员国和观察员国领导人一方面重视落实已签署的各种文件和中期战略规划,另一方面也特别关注地区的“去极端化”,防范西亚地区恐怖分子“回流”;推动贸易、投资的便利化和自由化;加强旅游、卫生、科技、环保等领域的合作,开拓人文交流的新渠道。

决议特殊,首次完成扩员。印度、巴基斯坦加入上合组织的所有程序将最后完成,峰会将通过决议,正式接纳两个新成员。这是上合组织成立16年来首次扩员,不仅意味着其面积、人口、经济和资源潜力的大幅提升,地理空间及国际影响力的明显扩大,而且为多边合作带来更多现实的选项,有助于成员国共同维护地区稳定与和平,扩大经贸、能源、金融、交通等领域的合作,有利于落实一些大型经济合作项目。

时间特殊,助推“一带一路”。此次峰会召开前不久,刚刚在中国北京举行了“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛,多数上合组织成员国和观察员国的领导人参加了论坛,希望本国的战略与“一带一路”建设实现对接。实现上合组织与“一带一路”的互动发展,也是峰会的重要议题,两者合作理念相通,重点领域合作路径相似,随着机制建设和法律基础越来越完备,上合组织可以为“一带一路”建设提供更加有效的支撑和保障。

平台特殊,提出中国方案。习近平主席在峰会的小范围和大范围会议上都将发表讲话,就上合组织的政治、安全、经济、人文合作与组织建设提出建议,介绍接任主席国以后中方的重点工作,会引起各方浓厚兴趣。中国一直是上合组织框架内多边合作的积极推动者,提出过很多重要倡议,比如总结提炼“上海精神”、建议签署《上海合作组织成员国长期睦邻友好合作条约》、提出打造命运共同体和利益共同体等,这些对区域合作都意义重大,影响深远。

(作者系中国社科院上合组织研究中心秘书长)

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