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美国在亚太的军事存在:一把危险的达摩克利斯之剑

2017-06-06 08:08:29   新华社

新华社新加坡6月5日电 新闻分析:美国在亚太的军事存在:一把危险的达摩克利斯之剑

新华社记者王丽丽 李晓渝 夏立新

刚刚结束的第16届香格里拉对话会上,美国国防部长马蒂斯将朝核问题列为亚太地区头号安全威胁,并表示美国对于日韩防务方面的承诺不会改变。

事实上,美国长期以“太平洋警察”自居,在亚太地区不仅维持庞大的美国太平洋司令部,还派有驻军,建有军事基地,把守着亚太地区最重要的战略要道。美国在亚太的军事存在如同一把达摩克利斯之剑,为本地区增添了诸多不稳定因素。

厉兵秣马

特朗普政府上台近半年,一方面宣称将更多关注美国自身的问题和发展,另一方面在海外的军事行动上没有任何收敛,不仅对阿富汗和叙利亚实施军事打击,还威胁对朝鲜动武。

特朗普政府在军事上的积极态度,在日前公布的2018财年美国联邦政府预算草案中也已显现。这一预算草案将国防开支提升到5745亿美元,与2017年预算草案相比增幅达10%。

马蒂斯在香格里拉对话会上还表示,他将与一些美国议员共同发起一项维护亚太地区稳定的倡议,通过增加预算强化亚太地区军力部署,以应对本地区安全形势面临的挑战。

“担忧”和承诺

亚太地区是美国全球战略中的重要一环。亚太地区占全球总面积的52%,生活着全球60%的人口,是全球经济发展最快的地区之一。

早在70年前,美国就在夏威夷设立了美国太平洋司令部,这是美国历史最悠久、规模最大的联合作战司令部,如今其所辖官兵达30万之众,约占美国现役军人总数的20%。马蒂斯前往亚洲之前,先到夏威夷与美国太平洋司令部司令哈里斯举行了会面。

在本次对话会上,马蒂斯除重申美国对于朝鲜半岛局势的“担忧”,也表达了美国对其亚太盟友的安全承诺。他与日本、韩国、澳大利亚等国的防长举行会谈,会后又前往悉尼,计划与澳大利亚防长等官员再次会面。

一己私利

数据显示,目前美国在海外有374个军事基地,其中亚太地区占42.7%。美军在亚太的军事基地形成了三道防线。第一道由阿拉斯加、东北亚、西南太平洋和印度洋4个基地群组成,第二道由关岛和澳大利亚、新西兰两个基地群组成,而建在夏威夷群岛上的第三道防线,既是支援美军亚太地区作战的后方,又是美国本土防御的前哨。

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