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俄土两国元首会晤 关注叙和解进程和两国贸易制裁问题

2017-05-04 13:42:02   国际在线

国际在线报道(中国国际广播电台记者 李洁):5月3日,俄罗斯总统普京和应邀到访的土耳其总统埃尔多安在俄南部城市索契举行会晤,这是近两个月内埃尔多安第二次访问俄罗斯。两国元首就双边关系和经贸合作以及共同关心的叙利亚局势、反恐等国际和地区问题交换了意见。

当天,普京和埃尔多安首先举行了小范围会见,之后政府成员以及主要能源企业负责人参加会谈,共同审议了2017-2020俄土合作纲要实施,并计划近期内组建合作投资基金,总投资额10亿美元,以促进双向投资。双方还谈及两国大项目合作,例如阿库尤核电站建设、“土耳其溪”天然气管道项目建设。在人文领域,俄土议定2019年互办文化与旅游年。

在会谈结束后两国元首举行的联合记者会上,普京首先对俄土关系作出阐述:“土耳其是俄罗斯重要的、长久的伙伴国,尽管我们双边关系之前经历了一段特殊考验,但如今可以说,我们恢复了正常的伙伴合作关系。”

双方在会谈中首先讨论了叙利亚危机,强调通过政治外交途径解决冲突,支持在叙利亚建立安全区的倡议。普京说,在叙利亚建立安全区可以巩固停火协议,为了叙利亚人民,各方应该团结起来。同时,正在阿斯塔纳举行的第四次叙利亚问题和谈也将设立安全区列入重要议程。对于在叙利亚建立安全区的倡议,普京说:“叙利亚冲突各方今天在阿斯塔纳将直接做出最后决定,因为他们国家的命运最终要由他们自己决定。我们土耳其、伊朗、俄罗斯作为停火保障方,只是尽力使这些机制更加完善和发挥积极作用。”

埃尔多安表示,与俄罗斯在叙利亚问题上保持密切协调,通过政治手段解决叙利亚危机,结束流血冲突,保持叙利亚领土完整是双方的优先选择。他指出,恐怖主义是人类的共同敌人,土耳其将与俄罗斯协同打击国际恐怖组织。由于俄罗斯的积极斡旋,土耳其和伊朗才坐到阿斯塔纳叙利亚问题的谈判桌旁。

埃尔多安说:“土耳其、俄罗斯和伊朗负责监督叙利亚停火,我们首先要巩固停火机制。然而一些人却暗中破坏这一进程,我们知道,这一做法就是想消灭不断增长的希望火种。明显的例子就是在伊德利卜省的化武袭击,这一野蛮行径应该得到惩罚。”

除了叙利亚和解进程,俄土首脑还谈到双边经贸合作话题以及解除贸易制裁。因土耳其2015年在叙利亚境内击落一架俄罗斯战机,双边在服务、纺织、建筑、农产品等领域采取制裁措施。俄罗斯2016年1月开始对土耳其农产品实施禁运。不过,2016年下半年,随着双边关系的转暖,俄罗斯逐步取消了对土耳其商品的进口限制,但是对西红柿、黄瓜等商品的禁运依然存在。与此同时,土耳其对俄罗斯的小麦、玉米等粮食也征收高额的出口关税。

此次会谈中,在谈及相互取消制裁时,普京说,“除了西红柿外,俄罗斯要取消其他对土耳其的贸易制裁。”

普京说:“我们的农户有大量贷款。由于我们的气候条件,建了很多温室大棚(种植西红柿),这是一个较长的生产周期。所以在这方面(西红柿进口)限制还将持续。”

俄罗斯对土耳其农产品采取进口禁令之后,实施进口替代政策,鼓励本国生产被禁运的农产品。俄当地农户开始贷款发展西红柿种植业。如今进入了农户返还贷款和销售产品获利的周期。只有这个生产与销售周期告一段落后,才可能考虑从国外进口西红柿。不过,俄方承诺将与土方就此问题保持随时沟通。

此外,俄土总统还谈及土耳其购买俄罗斯S-400防空导弹系统等话题。

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