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无法规无监管 车内空气质量长期处于“三无”状态

2017-06-01 02:35:55   经济参考报

长期以来,我国车内空气质量一直处在“无法规、无强制标准、无监管”的状态,众多车主对于新车内扑鼻的异味只能忍耐。

一项调查研究结果显示,有93.4%的车主表示关注过车内空气质量问题,而车内空气质量也成为近年来消费者投诉的热点问题之一。

前段时间,一位车主林先生告诉记者,由于车内气味实在难以消除,车企对此也没有有效的治理方案,他被迫卖掉了车子。“一台50万左右的车,竟然用的是劣质的隔音棉,车内的甲醛含量也严重超标,太让人失望了。”

另一位车主也说,他的车发现异味后,主动找到4S店要说法,虽然4S店将车内的隔音棉进行了更换,但还是存在臭味,不知道如何解决。

记者近日在走访一些汽车4S店时发现,很多新车车内都存在严重的异味。实际上,奔驰、宝马、奥迪早在2013年就被曝出“沥青阻尼片含有有害物质”,而国家质检总局也曾要求这三家公司自查自纠,但之后没了下文。

在消费者不断投诉的压力下,大众汽车集团(中国)、一汽--大众汽车有限公司、上汽大众汽车有限公司宣布,将联合解决奥迪、大众、斯柯达等品牌部分车辆可能因隔音材料引起的内部异味问题,并承认部分车辆所安装的车内隔音材料,在某些情况下特别是在气候炎热的地区,可能会产生异味。

一些车主对此并不买账,他们将这些问题向国家质检总局缺陷产品管理中心进行了举报,但没得到正面回复。

据记者了解,车内空气污染物的成分较为复杂,车内空气中存在的挥发性有机物有几百种之多,包括烃类、醛类、酮类物质等,其中苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯、甲醛、乙醛、丙烯醛等物质对人体的危害较为严重。而这些污染物主要来自五个方面:一、车内饰件中使用的黏合剂、塑料制品、皮革等,含有甲醛、苯等污染物,是产生车内污染的重要来源;二、汽车在行驶过程中,发动机燃烧会产生一氧化碳和氮氧化物等有害气体;三、在车内吸烟会大大增加挥发性有机物、一氧化碳等空气污染物;四、若车用空调长时间不进行清洗护理,会滋生有害物质,导致车内空气变差;五、车垫受潮产生的霉菌异味。

然而,车内空气污染在我国并没有受到足够的重视,针对车内空气污染也没有比较完备的法规体系。截至目前,汽车行业实行的《乘用车内空气质量评价指南》仍是2012年3月1日开始实施的政策,且只是一个推荐性标准,约束力不够。

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