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世卫组织更新《国际疾病分类》 游戏成瘾列入精神疾病

2018-06-19 17:21:02    中国青年网

新华社日内瓦6月19日电(记者刘曲)世界卫生组织18日发布新版《国际疾病分类》,“游戏障碍”,即通常所说的游戏成瘾,被列为疾病。

《国际疾病分类》是确定全球卫生趋势和统计数据的基础,其中含有约5.5万个与损伤、疾病以及死因有关的独特代码,使卫生专业人员能够通过一种通用语言来交换世界各地的卫生信息。

新制定的《国际疾病分类》第11版首次将传统医学纳入其分类系统。有关性健康的新章节则汇集了之前以其他方式分类的疾病,比如曾被列为精神疾病的“性别不一致”,即自我认知或者表达的性别与生理性别不一致。

新版《国际疾病分类》将游戏障碍列为一种成瘾性疾病,这意味着游戏成瘾将属于一种精神疾病。相关症状包括无节制沉溺于单机或网络游戏;因过度游戏而忽略其他兴趣爱好和日常活动;明知会产生负面后果却仍沉溺于游戏等。

世卫组织表示,确诊“游戏障碍”疾病往往需要相关症状持续至少12个月,如果症状严重,观察期也可缩短。研究表明,玩游戏的人中,只有一小部分人受游戏障碍影响。但世卫组织提醒,游戏玩家应警惕耗费在游戏上的时间,不要让游戏影响到其他日常活动,并警惕玩游戏在身心健康和社交方面引发的所有变化。

世卫组织总干事谭德塞说:“《国际疾病分类》使我们能够深入了解人们生病和死亡的缘由,并为避免遭受痛苦和拯救生命而采取行动。”

新版《国际疾病分类》经过10多年的修订,和以往版本相比有了重大改进,如第一次完全采用电子方式发布,文件格式也更便于用户使用。新版本将由明年5月举行的世界卫生大会最终批准,并将于2022年1月1日生效。

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