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党报谈“隐孕入职”:探索一条生育成本社会共担的新路子

2017-09-29 07:27:52   

睡前聊一会儿,梦中有世界。大家好,我是党报评论君。生老病死,人生大事,不过,怀孕生孩子的事儿,最近却常有争论。

据报道,宁波一家互联网公司的员工孙女士,入职三天就宣布怀孕,产假一结束,马上提出辞职,公司负责人对她的做法非常不满,然而又无可奈何。对此,有的网友表示理解,毕竟女性生育权受法律保护;有的网友则认为纯属职场“碰瓷”。产假结束就辞职,属于个人行为,不过隐瞒怀孕事实的这种社会现象,倒是值得讨论。

一般来说,故意为之的事情,背后往往有不得不为的苦衷;一个人的选择,背后也往往有不得不如此的环境。比如这位孙小姐,相信如果她在应聘时告诉考官自己已经怀孕,企业在录用她时,可能就会掂量掂量了。对个人而言,“隐孕”的初衷,可能是为了让劳动就业权得到更充分保障,避免因怀孕而被“一票否决”,并且行为本身没有违法。尽管会受到不讲诚信、缺乏契约精神的指责,但为了给孩子挣点奶粉钱,不让社保断档,在现在的情况下,对于很多还得靠工资生活的年轻人来说,“隐孕”也是个无奈的选择。

而从企业的角度来看,员工几乎没有为公司创造劳动价值,还要按照法律规定照发工资、照交社保,这个锅有点沉,没法背。尤其是很多只有几十个、甚至十几个员工的中小企业,公司事业正处于关键成长期,招来了人干不了什么活,心里多少有些憋屈。再加上随着地方条例的修改,各地生育二孩产假普遍跟生一孩一样,能达到4个月以上。多重因素的影响下,企业在招聘时,难免会对女性求职者特别谨慎。因为对于企业,这是一种“性别亏损”。

员工和企业的博弈,看似都能避免、或者减小自身的经济损失,却容易形成恶性循环,最终造成社会整体的“不经济”。一方面是,当女性知道如何“巧妙”地利用法规实现自我保护,企业势必采取相应的应对措施,增加各种或明或暗的前置审查,女性在职场上“看不见的门槛”,无疑会比现在还要严重。另一方面是,企业因此遭遇一种反向的“性别亏损”,要知道,招人用人时的性别歧视,可能让企业错过很多优秀的女员工。

所以,“隐孕”的结,只靠个人和企业是打不开的。从这个角度来看,孙小姐们倒是给我们提了一个醒:保障女员工合法福利,整个社会都有责任。

有人说,“你怀的是自己的孕,不是全公司的孕”,意思是怀孕成本不应该由公司来承担,我们并不同意这种说法。要知道,生育不是义务,而是权利。生育不仅是个人的事、家庭的事,也是社会的事、国家的事。从性别观念上说,“男女平等”也并非“男女等同”,在立法执法、社会政策、社会治理中,理应考虑到女性的特殊性。这应该是思考“隐孕”问题的一个基本前提。

社会事务,还得由全社会共同治理。比如,完善生育保险制度,给女性增加一份制度上的保障;比如,延长男性产假或者男性陪护假,让男性承担起更多的育儿成本;再比如,给予企业财政补贴和税收优惠,由财政承担一部分企业可能的“性别亏损”。当然,最重要的,还是畅通救济渠道,对于辞退“三期”(怀孕期、产期、哺乳期)女员工的企业,要坚决惩处。探索出一条生育成本社会共担的新路子,怀孕才不会成为更多职场女性的“难言之隐”。

这正是:生育本美好,隐瞒添烦恼。解开劳资结,心头不长草。祝各位晚安!

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