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女性对生孩子兴致索然?安倍拟投巨资促生育

2017-09-27 06:46:54   

日本首相安倍晋三25日说,将投入2万亿日元(约合1186亿元人民币),以提高日本人生育的积极性。安倍要求相关阁僚在年内制定一揽子政策。

日本共同社称安倍上述计划为“育人革命”。安倍计划,到2020年,3至5岁儿童的幼儿园及托儿所实现免费,以减轻家庭财务负担。低收入家庭0至2岁儿童也将享受免费。

共同社评论,免费入园入托虽有利于减少家庭开支,但难免令人质疑此举旨在为选举拉票而“撒钱”,可能致使批评声浪高涨。安倍25日宣布将于本月28日解散众议院,提前举行大选。

政府将从消费税率上调后的增税部分拨出一部分资金,承担上述费用。事实上,安倍承认将推迟2020年基础财政收支实现盈余的财政整饬目标。

安倍25日在新闻发布会上说,2020年实现财政目标“很困难”,虽然强调将继续力争实现盈余,但未提出具体时间。

  【“雨露均沾”?】

除免费入园入托措施外,安倍说,“育人革命”将大幅增加从2017年起实施的补贴型奖学金的支付金额,以及扩大学费减免。相关奖学金以低收入家庭大学生为对象。

安倍同样提出将解决儿童入托难问题。日本女性对入托难问题可谓怨声载道。

日本保育院和幼师数量严重不足,是导致入托难的根本原因。幼师数量不断减少,幼儿园被迫缩减入园儿童数量,使得“待机儿童”问题日益严峻。2015年,全日本“待机儿童”达2.3万人。

虽然近年日本育龄女性生育意愿有所改善,但出生率依然维持在较低水平。据计算,日本要想维持目前人口规模,平均每名女性一生需要生育2.07个孩子,但2015年这一数字只有1.45。

日本厚生劳动省今年4月公布50年后日本人口数量的预测结果。根据国立社会保障与人口问题研究所估算,日本人口将在2053年跌破1亿;到2065年,日本人口将比2015年的1.27亿减少三成,降至8808万。(卜晓明)(新华社专特稿)

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