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京张铁路边现“神秘符号牌”北京发现不足20块

2017-09-25 15:38:05   法制晚报

(原标题:京张铁路边现“神秘符号牌”)

铁道边的苏州码子牌受访者供图

碑上刻有数字“〡三〡”

法制晚报讯近日,铁路文化学者王嵬听朋友张华说,在京张铁路西八里附近发现一块神秘的水泥牌,经鉴定为苏州码里志牌。

发现神秘符号牌现身铁道边

此次发现的苏州码子牌,位于京张铁路西八里附近。水泥牌1米多高,顶上为半圆形,躺在路基下方,阴刻符号虽被水泥涂抹,但苏州码子清晰可辨,王嵬一眼就看出它所表示的数字“〡三〡”,即阿拉伯数字“131”。王嵬断定,这是京张铁路最初的里志牌。

对于这块里志牌的具体位置,王嵬进行了一番考究:京张铁路于1909年开通时,当时的里程单位为华里。也就是说,这块里志牌位于距离京张铁路起点柳村的131华里处(现八达岭车站站台处)。1922年,里程单位由华里改为公里时,这块里志牌被移到现在的位置。

中华人民共和国成立后,苏州码子牌停用,统一改为阿拉伯数字,此里志牌的阴刻被水泥抹平,其上被刷上阿拉伯数字,作为公里标使用。后来,公里标统一更换时,此里志牌废弃,被扔在路基下。

据介绍,苏州码,是中国早期民间的“商业数字”,脱胎于中国历史上的算筹,产生于中国苏州,多用于旧时的商业、手工业、当铺、契约、账务等数字记载。

盘点苏州码子牌北京发现不足20块

王嵬介绍说,在铁路领域,苏州码多现于“坡道牌、里程牌、桥梁牌”。在1909年京张铁路通车时,当时的中国铁路工人对阿拉伯数字比较陌生,但对中国传统的数字——苏州码子最熟悉。

所以,京张铁路全线的里志牌、桥梁牌、坡道牌、道拨牌使用苏州码子,而且,所有铁路设备上尽可能加入中国元素,以表示中国人自筑铁路。

就王嵬所掌握的情况,北京地区铁路发现的苏州码子牌遗迹不足20块。在中国铁道博物馆有3块,京张铁路青龙桥车站内存有7块,多为铁路职工自发保护。其余均散落在老铁路线道边。

王嵬告诉《法制晚报》记者,经与原中国铁道博物馆副馆长、铁路史志专家金万志先生沟通,决定近日将对这块苏州码子牌进行异地保护。

责任编辑:曲格林 CN064
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