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人民日报:金融扶贫 你情更要我愿

2017-09-17 07:41:41   中国经济网

提高贫困户的贷款意愿,要把金融扶贫和产业发展紧密结合,明确了“拿钱干什么”“怎么还钱”,贫困户才可以“放心贷”

最近在采访中,听到一位基层银行信贷员吐槽:“现在贷款优惠力度不小,但主动贷的没几个人,真是发愁。”原来这家银行正在推行扶贫贷款,利率低、办理快捷、还款灵活,可农民积极性并不高。长期以来农民贷款是个“老大难”,现在银行有了优惠政策,但现实中金融“活水”没有顺畅地流进千家万户。

为啥“你情”没有换来“我愿”?有的贫困户担心风险:“农产品行情不稳定,万一赔了咋办?”有的贫困户顾及颜面:“外面有贷款,街坊邻里怎么看?”甚至有贫困户说:“拿到贷款干什么?”金融机构“愿意贷”,一些贫困户却“不敢贷”,金融扶贫的效果就会打折扣。

贫困、缺钱、无力发展产业……这是不少贫困地区遭遇的发展困境,为了打破这一怪圈,金融机构积极行动,针对农村的担保抵押难题,创新“两权”抵押贷款,免抵押担保;针对贷款难问题,简化放贷流程和手续,开设绿色通道;针对贷款贵问题,探索政府贴息,减轻农户负担。可以说金融扶贫在促进农村发展、农民增收方面发挥了重要作用。但是贫困地区基础设施条件差,产业发展滞后;农村信用环境不健全;农民金融知识缺乏,这些都是金融扶贫面临的“拦路虎”,影响了贫困户的贷款积极性。如何化解他们“不敢贷”“不愿贷”的心理,成为金融机构亟须解决的课题。

提高贫困户的贷款意愿,要把金融扶贫和产业发展紧密结合。脱贫攻坚重在发展产业,贫困户只有紧密参与到产业中,才能实现稳定脱贫。其实不少金融机构探索了行之有效的措施:有的主动与地方特色产业对接,鼓励贫困户干事创业;有的激发新型经营主体的主动性,把贷款授信额度和带动贫困户的能力相结合,鼓励建立与贫困户的多元利益联结方式。明确了“拿钱干什么”“怎么还钱”,贫困户自然而然可以“放心贷”,进而激活了他们脱贫致富的内在动力。

农村地区金融环境亟须改善。一方面不少金融机构“嫌贫爱富”,机构网点覆盖范围有限,贫困地区成为金融服务的空白地带;另一方面农民对金融产品缺乏了解,觉得“财神爷”的门槛高,够不着。金融机构应该看到,广大农村地区是一片有待开垦的沃土,通过提升金融服务水平,加强对农民的金融培训,让农民有机会接触到更多的理财产品,唤醒他们的金融需求,尽快填补城乡之间的金融知识鸿沟。同时要健全农村信用指标、评价体系,加强与乡镇政府、村委会等基层组织合作,特别是要与建档立卡贫困户信息对接,实现精准帮扶。

问渠那得清如许,为有源头活水来。打好脱贫攻坚的政策“组合拳”,金融扶贫的拳头不仅要出得狠,更要出得准,金融活水才能真正润泽“三农”。

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