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鼓励拓展融资方式 提升金融服务水平

2017-09-13 04:41:23   中国经济网

利用在全国范围内获取的5191家新型农业经营主体实地调查数据,《新型农业经营主体发展指数调查(五期)报告》从负债能力、资产管理能力、盈利能力和金融信贷4个方面考察了新型农业经营主体的经济绩效。

调查显示,新型农业经营主体的经济绩效较高。

第一,新型农业经营主体偿债能力较强,且运营资金规模越大资产负债率越低,西部地区增长变化最为明显。第二,新型农业经营主体资产周转率较高,且资产运营规模越大的新型农业经营主体资产周转速度越快,各地区间差异越小。第三,新型农业经营主体具有较高的销售净利润率和资产报酬率,盈利能力较强。第四,相较于普通农户,新型农业经营主体金融信贷情况更好。

针对以上情况,我们提出5条发展建议。

一是要拓展融资方式。新型农业经营主体偏低的资产负债率反映其面临着信贷约束。一方面,政府部门应鼓励新型农业经营主体,特别是合作社的内部信用合作,金融部门应在继续加大对新型农业经营主体融资规模的同时,推动创新信贷担保机制,以解除新型农业经营主体信贷约束。另一方面,对于新型农业经营主体自身来说,在控制财务风险处于合理范围的条件下,适度主动增加融资规模,扩大生产规模,增加企业利润。另外,对于西部地区新型农业经营主体较强的增长势头,政府要对其给予合理引导。

二要加强农民专业合作社和种养大户资产管理。总体来说,各类新型农业经营主体资产管理能力较强,但其中农民专业合作社和种养大户相对较弱。二者相对较低的资产周转率表明其资产管理能力较弱。一方面,对于主体负责人来说,需要增强财务分析重要性认识,提高财务分析能力。另一方面,农民专业合作社和种养大户应加强资产监管,定期清查自有资产,加大低效、无效、负效、闲置资产的调剂、调拨力度,采用融资租赁等多种方式盘活资产、增加效能。

三要提升农民专业合作社盈利能力。在4类新型农业经营主体中,农民专业合作社的销售净利润率和资产报酬率均低于其他主体,表明四类新型农业经营主体中农民专业合作社盈利能力相对较弱。鉴于此,需要农民专业合作社思考从提高合作社内部组织化程度,增加经营性业务两个方面提高自身盈利能力。具体来讲,一方面可以通过加强合作社内部成员之间的交流互动、建立健全成员之间的利益共享机制,让合作社成员共同感受到发展的好处,共同参与发展,削减发展的组织成本。另一方面,合作社要注重产品、服务等经营性业务的开发与创新,提升产品、服务质量,注重品牌建设,以品牌信誉赢得市场信任,扩大业务经营规模,提升盈利能力。

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