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“一带一路”创造机缘 机械设备业巧借东风

2017-09-08 07:22:32   中国经济网

小小挖掘机,堪称中国经济风向标。2017年上半年,“挖掘机指数”很亮眼。“挖掘机指数”是指借助大数据和物联网技术,将一台台机械通过机载控制器、传感器和无线通讯模块,与一个庞大的网络连接,每挥动一铲,都能留下数据痕迹。当一台台机械成为屏幕上的跳动亮点时,显示的就是基础建设行业最新动态。数据表明,上半年全国挖掘机累计销量达70821台,同比增长110.3%,已超2016年全年销量。

“挖掘机指数”与上市公司半年报里的行业景气高度一致。据同花顺iFinD统计显示,在申万一级行业板块317家机械设备上市公司中,有291家上市公司的归属于母公司股东净利润为正,占比高达91.80%。净利润超过1亿元的有56家,其中超过10亿元的有4家,即中国中车、中油资本、三一重工、中联重科,分别以净利润36.73亿元、35.89亿元、11.60亿元、11.32亿元位居前四位。在这317家机械设备上市公司中,有231家公司净利润同比实现增长,占比高达72.87%。

2017年以来,国内工程机械市场出现快速增长,装载机、挖掘机、压路机、平地机、推土机、起重机、叉车等都增长明显。多家上市公司财报分析指出,上半年中国经济稳中向好,固定资产投资同比增长8.6%,快于2016年8.1%的增速水平。在固定资产投资中,增速较快的,有基础设施建设、环保、公共设施、管道运输业等,这些行业投资意愿增强。

此外,今年上半年世界经济保持较为明显的复苏态势,主要经济体经济增速均高于2016年水平。同时,一批“一带一路”项目开工建设,提供了行业增长动力。

受到上述因素影响,国际工程机械市场也出现较好增长,特别是新兴经济体工程机械市场增长20%。受此带动,上半年中国工程机械出口实现较快增长。

在“一带一路”建设中,互联互通是重点领域之一。机械设备行业最先感受到了“一带一路”建设的温度和热度。北京师范大学“一带一路”研究院院长胡必亮接受《经济日报》记者采访时表示,这种利好表现在三个方面:一是一大批重大基建项目在“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛后开始加速推进,显现出积极效果;二是我国在“一带一路”20多个国家建设的几十个经贸合作区今年也加快了建设速度,对行业有直接拉动作用;三是今年以来我国企业从“一带一路”国家拿到了更多对外承包工程项目合同,新签合同额比去年同期增长了近40%,占到同期全部新签合同额的近60%,而且合同执行与完成情况也比较好。

值得一提的是,龙头企业的海外业务占比都在上升。以三一重工为例,海外业务占比达40%。公司深耕“一带一路”,总体产业布局分布和“一带一路”区域吻合度高。中央党校国际战略研究院教授赵磊接受《经济日报》记者采访表示,研究表明,在国际舞台上,海外业务如果达不到30%,是很难进入世界500强的。过去国内工程装备企业的海外业务占比大多不到10%。但是,现在正在逐渐国际化,一个重要指标就是海外业务占比在上升。

“过去我们‘走出去’,是自己走。现在我们紧随‘一带一路’建设,走得更好。”中联重科股份有限公司董事长詹纯新表示。赵磊认为,中联重科是一个缩影。中国企业参与“一带一路”建设,已经形成一个良性的生态系统。产业的上下游,国有企业和民营企业都在结伴成行,设备、服务、管理都成套“走出去”。

“一带一路”建设带来新增长空间,这不仅是在机械设备行业。今年5月份,“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛成功举办,逾270项成果清单为中国经济提供着新的机遇。上市公司财报显示,在建筑建材、工程机械、高端装备、能源资源、交通运输等多个行业和领域,众多中国企业正在融入“一带一路”建设。上市公司作为重要参与力量,正在迎来重大发展机遇。(经济日报记者 祝惠春)

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