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中国版“飞行列车”正驶向未来

2017-08-31 13:56:10   中国经济网

经济日报-中国经济网北京8月31日讯(记者 郭静原)未来,从北京到武汉约1152公里的路程,或许只需半小时即可到达。8月30日,中国航天科工集团副总经理刘石泉在武汉举办的第三届中国(国际)商业航天高峰论坛上透露,公司正开展“高速飞行列车”项目研究论证,最快时速可达4000公里/小时,一时间刷屏网络。

“高速飞行列车”设计图

目前,民航客机的飞行时速约为900公里/小时,高速飞行列车较其提升了5倍之多,它将有望超越飞机成为最快的交通工具吗?“高速飞行列车是利用低真空环境和超声速外形减小空气阻力,通过磁悬浮减小摩擦阻力,实现超声速运行的运输系统。”航天科工第三研究院高速飞行列车项目技术负责人毛凯告诉记者,高速飞行列车将超导磁悬浮技术和真空管道相结合,研制新一代交通工具,致力于实现超音速的“近地飞行”。

4000公里/小时的惊人速度既是超越也是挑战,这会是一蹴而就的吗?毛凯介绍,“高速飞行列车”项目的落地将按照最大运行速度1000、2000、4000公里/小时三步走战略循序渐进——第一步通过1000公里/小时运输能力建设区域性城际飞行列车交通网,第二步通过2000公里/小时运输能力建设国家超级城市群飞行列车交通网,第三步通过4000公里/小时运输能力建设“一带一路”飞行列车交通网。

可在真空管道里体验超声速“近地飞行”将是人类可承受之快吗?“高速飞行列车不会对人体造成伤害,人能够察觉的变化在于列车的加速过程而非单纯某一阶段的速度。”毛凯说,列车的提速将按照人所能承受的速度缓慢增加,即将到达时的减速也是同理。此外,车体内部会设置环境控制系统来保障人所必须的氧气含量、温度、湿度等,安全性将是高速飞行列车首要考虑的因素。

事实上,“高速飞行列车”项目的横空出世并非偶然。早在1904年,被誉为“现代火箭之父”的美国人罗伯特·戈达德就曾提出自己的美好畅想:在波士顿与纽约之间建设一条真空管道,车辆通过电磁方式悬浮在轨道上,消除金属之间的接触,磁浮列车在管道内高速飞行,只需10分钟便可走完全程。

2013年,特斯拉和Space X公司的首席执行官伊隆·马斯克提出“超级高铁”计划,该运输系统并非以火车厢而是将“铝制胶囊”置于钢铁管道之中,像发射炮弹一样将胶囊发射至目的地。马斯克预想的运行速度可达每小时1207公里,乘坐“超级高铁”从北京至纽约只需2小时,仅为直达航班时间的1/6。目前,美国的HTT公司和Hyperloop One公司正努力将这一计划变为现实。

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