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专家揭秘时速4000公里的超音速飞行列车如何实现

2017-08-31 11:26:15   国际在线

高速飞行列车项目负责人毛凯接受记者采访 (摄影:朱熹)

国际在线报道(记者 朱熹):第三届中国(国际)商业航天高峰论坛30日在湖北武汉举办,中国航天科工集团公司发布消息称,最大时速可达4000公里的“高速飞行列车”已经进入研究论证阶段,未来飞行列车交通网的实现,将改变人类的出行方式。

本届论坛透露,中国航天科工集团公司拟通过商业化、市场化模式,将超声速飞行技术与轨道交通技术相结合,利用超导磁悬浮技术和真空管道,实现超音速列车的“近地飞行”。简单地说,就是把超声速航天器技术运用到列车上,再给列车营造一个低真空无阻力的管道环境,让火车实现“火箭”的速度。

要想感受“火箭”的速度,没有航天员过硬的身体素质可是不行的。但是,高速飞行列车项目负责人毛凯介绍说,高速飞行列车加速和减速的过程都是按普通人体能接受的速度设计的,力求安全、舒适。毛凯说:“火车加速时你有感觉么?因为它加速度小,你没有感觉。飞机起飞加速时你有感觉吧!因为它加速度大,所以你有感觉。但是飞机飞的时候你是没有感觉的,对吧!所以,有没有感觉不取决于你的速度,而是取决于加速的这个过程。所以说,我们加速的过程是一个缓慢加速、人能承受的过程。”

当前,世界上对外宣布开展时速大于1000公里运输系统研究的公司主要有三家,包括美国的超级高铁公司HTT、Hyperloop One以及中国航天科工集团公司。但我们不同于其他两家公司,首先,中国高速飞行列车采用的技术路径和国外的不一样。毛凯介绍说,国外采取的悬浮方式,需要车轮先跑起来,达到一定速度才能悬浮起来,而中国采取的高温超导磁悬浮方式属于被动悬浮方式,没有初速度也能悬浮起来,不需要用车轮。其次,中国航天科工集团公司是全球首个提出超声速地面运输系统的集团公司。毛凯认为,中国航天在自主研发的过程中具有自己特有的优势:“中国航天一直是自主创新的代名词,我们的技术是引进不来的。我们完全是靠自己,靠自己就需要有系统工程理论方法,其实方法论是非常关键的。我觉得这个是我们的一个优势。第二个就是我们有国际先进的超声速飞行设计能力,第三个就是我们的仿真建模以及大型试验的能力。因为这么大的系统,需要前期的数字化、虚拟化的建模设计。建模越准,设计和安全性才会越准,包括现场大型系统级试验也是我们的一个优势,所以说这些都是我们的优势。”

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