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“遇见人工智能”系列评论②:对于传统产业,替代还是互补

2017-08-16 07:17:17   中国经济网

人工智能不会完全替代传统产业,而是会成为改进传统产业的工具。反过来看,传统产业的巨大需求也是人工智能产业发展的基础,人工智能不能偏离传统产业。传统产业的智能化,将催生更多的人工智能需求和技术革新要求

人工智能的热潮汹涌袭来,在为人们提供更加便捷和有趣生活方式的同时,也给我国传统产业带来了颠覆性的改变,为其发展注入新动能、释放新动力。

人工智能会替代传统产业吗?当“阿尔法狗”击败人类最优秀的围棋手时,人们面对刚刚起步就释放出巨大能量的人工智能,难免存在这样的疑问。事实上,未来人工智能或许会淘汰一些低端的传统劳动力,但也相应地会创造高端的新型劳动力,从而带来传统产业的转型升级。因此,应该说人工智能不会完全替代传统产业,而是会成为改进传统产业的工具。反过来看,传统产业的巨大需求也是人工智能产业发展的基础,人工智能不能偏离传统产业。传统产业的智能化,将催生更多的人工智能需求和技术革新要求。

人工智能利用新兴技术改造提升传统产业,为传统产业带来新的生机。当前,消费需求升级对精益化、精细化、创新性生产提出了越来越高的要求,传统产业以往的研发模式、生产模式和产销平台已经远远不能满足这样的要求。借助人工智能,反而将进一步打破制约传统产业发展的瓶颈,改造提升传统产业从设计、研发到生产、管理的全生命周期,提高传统产业的效率和效能。

具体来看,在生产和研发方面,人工智能可以改进研发设计模式,使企业更加快速、准确地把握市场的千变万化,发掘个性化需求,强化传统产业特色、差异和创新发展的能力。人工智能也能帮助企业丰富、延伸服务功能,促进产品服务化,形成制造与服务、企业与市场更加良好的互动机制。面对要素成本和资源环境制约,人工智能还可以提高设备和资源的利用效率,为企业和社会创造更多价值,深化传统产业转型发展、内涵增长的路径。在组织和管理方面,人工智能的发展和应用,也将推动企业建立新型组织结构、业态模式和运营方式,降低管理成本,形成越来越多的智能企业、智能工厂。随着人工智能应用逐步深化,除了模式转换和效率提升,传统产业还将迎来更多翻天覆地的变革。

总之,人工智能的发展必须服务于传统产业的转型升级,才能找到更大的市场发展空间。我国正在实施《中国制造2025》,智能制造正是其主攻方向,在中国制造由大到强的道路上,人工智能技术大有可为。当前,我国制造业发展水平参差不齐,自动化、智能化水平不高是必须克服的障碍之一。一些嗅觉敏锐的制造企业已经积极抢搭人工智能发展的顺风车,加速转型升级。但也要注意,在这个过程中,必须坚持以行业需求和产业应用为方向,推进人工智能与传统产业融合,支持和引导企业在设计、生产、管理、物流、营销等核心业务环节应用人工智能新技术,加快实现传统产业的智能化。(原文来源:经济日报 作者:黄 鑫)

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