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怎样才能让你的电子合同真的有效?

2017-08-15 17:44:06   中国经济网

电子合同、网络协议、在线协议,其实都是同一个性质的东西,传统的签合同是大家坐下来,你签完我签,然后交换签,现在有了互联网,直接就网上签了。在以前,这个东西还不算很普及,但是现在,互联网上的合同已经满天飞,如果还要按照以前的方式来,物流和人力成本就太过惊人了,并且处理也太过于低效,所以电子合同就成了必然的发展趋势。

电子合同蓬勃发展了,就要有相应的法条与之匹配。目前,除了《合同法》、《电子签名法》外,在新的《民事诉讼法》出来以后,将电子数据纳入了八类证据,这样一来,像电子合同这样的电子数据,也能够被法律认可了。

但是,这里有一个认识误区,就是大家以为只要法条上说了电子数据纳入证据,电子合同就算是合法证据了。事实上并不是这样的,不管是那种类型的证据,都需要符合“证据三性”(真实性、关联性、合法性)的判定以后才能作为证据的。

在这里,必须要说一下对于像电子合同这样的电子证据,在判定的时候会抓的几个核心点:

1、 电子证据的形成,也就是电子合同的形成,必须是在电子合同在创建的当下就要第一时间、同步固定,并具体到什么时间点签的,签署的是什么条款和内容,签字确认的行为都要固定,也就是从源头抓起,防止任何人篡改的变数发生。

2、 电子证据的保存。固定下来的证据是存储是否安全,有没有泄露的风险,或者是被人篡改的风险都是判定重要的考量点。如果不是自己存的,用的是第三方存证,而第三方又是用的现在流行的租用服务器来存,那租用的服务器有没有能力确保证据的安全,你上传到服务器的这个过程又是不是安全可靠的也很重要。

3、 电子证据固定的承载。比如说承载电子合同的可能是硬盘、SD卡什么的,这些介质的安全性怎么样,会不会容易被摧毁,有没有做好备份,是不是很容易被涂改这些问题也是考量电子证据的重要指标。

一般来说,自己固定电子合同证据然后又自己提交给法庭,是很难避免“自存自证”的局面的,这样电子合同的证明的效果不好,法院也不一定会认可。那么,要怎样才能让你的电子合同真的有效呢?市面上有一些“工具”可以帮到你!

1、 公证

公证现在在全国应用面很广,到处都有公证处,传统来讲,提交了公证书以后法院认可的程度是会比较高的。但是,传统公证也有不少局限,最首先的是地域限制,这个跟公证的架构有关,从实际的案例来看,地域问题造成的证据失效情况有过不少,并非是孤例。

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