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[经济三十论]准确把握绿色发展理念的要义

2017-08-07 08:35:39   中国经济网

  【核心看点】 习近平总书记深刻指出:“绿色发展,就其要义来讲,是要解决好人与自然和谐共生问题。人类发展活动必须尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然,否则就会遭到大自然的报复,这个规律谁也无法抗拒。”绿色发展理念既有着深厚的历史文化渊源,又科学把握了时代发展的新趋势,体现了历史智慧与现代文明的交融,对建设美丽中国、实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦具有重大的理论意义和现实意义。

  中国传统生态观的创新性发展

中华民族有着深厚文化传统。在绵延几千年的中华文化中,秉持“天人合一”精神的生态文明观熠熠生辉。在中国传统生态思想中,天地万物被看做是一个统一的整体,人是天地万物的一部分。万物生存发展有其本质规律,天地自然是人类赖以生存的条件。《庄子·达生》说:“天地者,万物之父母也。”《管子·水地》说:“地者,万物之本源,诸生之根苑也。”……这些质朴睿智的自然观,至今仍给人以深刻警示和启迪。习近平总书记指出:“绿色发展,就其要义来讲,是要解决好人与自然和谐共生问题。人类发展活动必须尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然,否则就会遭到大自然的报复,这个规律谁也无法抗拒。”这里所强调的“人与自然和谐共生”,正是体现了对中国传统生态文明理念的继承和发展。

中华文明积淀了丰富的生态智慧,我们的先人们早就认识到了生态环境的重要性,认识到了生态资源管理是国家与社会运行的重要保障。“子钓而不纲,弋不射宿。”“竭泽而渔,岂不获得?而明年无鱼;焚薮而田,岂不获得?而明年无兽。”都在告诫对自然要取之以时、取之有度。提出绿色发展理念,坚持节约资源和保护环境的基本国策,加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会,形成人与自然和谐发展现代化建设新格局,无疑是对中国传统生态观的创造性转化和创新性发展。

  马克思主义中国化的新境界

马克思主义认为,人是自然界的一部分,自然界“是我们人类(本身就是自然界的产物)赖以生长的基础”。在马克思的分析中,经济循环是与物质变换(生态循环)紧密地联系在一起的,而物质变换又与人类和自然之间的新陈代谢的相互作用相互联系。因此,如果人类盲目而不加节制地对待自然,这种“新陈代谢”就会发生断裂。

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