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欧美探测器首次共同探测到引力波

2017-09-28 11:17:51   

新华社华盛顿9月27日电(记者林小春)美国和欧洲两个引力波项目组27日宣布,两个项目下属的3个探测器首次共同探测到引力波,这也是科学家第四次探测到这种“时空涟漪”。

引力波由黑洞等天体在碰撞过程中产生,可把它想象成石头丢进水里产生的波纹。100多年前,爱因斯坦的广义相对论预言了引力波的存在,但直到2015年才首次获得证实。

美国“激光干涉引力波天文台”(LIGO)和欧洲“处女座”(Virgo)引力波探测器两个项目组当天在一份声明中说,最新的引力波信号于今年8月14日被探测到,与前3次类似,均由双黑洞合并产生。

声明说,这两个黑洞距离地球约18亿光年,合并前的质量分别相当于31个和25个太阳,合并后的总质量相当于53个太阳,约3个太阳的质量转变成能量以引力波的形式释放。这一发现将以论文形式发表在美国《物理学评论通讯》上。

美国项目组的两个引力波探测器此前于2015年9月、2015年12月和今年1月先后3次探测到引力波。处女座探测器位于意大利比萨,项目组由20个欧洲研究团队的280多名物理学家和工程师组成。今年8月1日,探测器经多年升级后上线,结果两周后就与美国探测器共同探测到引力波信号。

美国引力波项目资助方、美国国家科学基金会主席弗朗斯·科尔多瓦在一份声明中说,相隔万里的探测器首次共同探测到引力波,这对旨在破解宇宙奥秘的国际科学探索是一个“令人激动的里程碑”。

LIGO项目发言人、美国麻省理工学院的戴维·休梅克介绍说,技术升级将使LIGO探测器更加灵敏,在定于2018年秋季开展的下一次观测中,“我们预计每周甚至能更频繁地获得这样的探测结果”。

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