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中日邦交正常化45周年之际 安倍应想清楚这三点

2017-09-28 08:22:51   

今年9月29日,中日邦交正常化45周年。要使中日关系克服目前困难,取得顺应历史潮流的发展,安倍应正确认识和处理好三个问题:其一,如何端正历史认识;其二,如何对待中国的发展;其三,如何对待与美国的军事同盟关系。

安倍

45年前,以中国为重要成员的第三世界在国际舞台上崛起;苏联军事力量扩展,对美国构成日益增强的压力;美国在越南战场久陷不拔,导致战略失调,这促使尼克松萌发并实施了改善中美关系的计划。长期敌视新中国、缺乏战略远见的佐藤首相,遭遇“越顶外交”打击,被迫下台。田中出任首相后,顶住内外压力,成功访华。1972年9月29日,中日两国政府签署《中日联合声明》,实现邦交正常化。

今天,国际秩序处于新的重大变动中,世界多极化、经济全球化进一步深入,要求国际秩序向着更加公正合理方向发展的呼声日益强烈。

45年来,中日关系有了重要发展。1972年到2016年间,双方贸易额从11亿美元增长到3016亿美元,增长约270倍。展望未来,中日可以进一步推进诸多领域的合作,例如:资源、能源和环境合作;生产效率提高带来的高成本社会的应对;老龄化社会、人口减少社会的应对等等。中日关系有着广阔的发展空间。

令人遗憾的是在出现上述积极变动的今天,现任日本首相安倍却在相当程度上推行起逆潮流而动的政策:历史认识上倒退,力主修改和平宪法;安全上以中国为假想敌,提升军事力量,强化日美同盟,以维持在亚太区域的主导权。

安倍首次执政时,曾与中国达成建立“战略互惠关系”协议,打破前任小泉与中国形成的外交僵局。为何再次执政其政策会发生重大倒退?就内因而言,在于安倍的保守史观;就外因而言,可谓时势使然。安倍再次出任首相时,东亚形势发生了两大变化:中国GDP总量超过日本,成为世界第二大经济实体;美国将亚太作为战略重点,宣布实行亚太再平衡战略。

在上述内外因素作用下,安倍原来有所压抑的要求出现,给中日关系带来很大负面影响。

要使中日关系克服目前困难,取得顺应历史潮流的发展,安倍应正确认识和处理好三个问题:其一,如何端正历史认识;其二,如何对待中国的发展;其三,如何对待与美国的军事同盟关系。

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