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中国北斗卫星导航系统为何令美国恨之入骨?

2017-09-22 08:17:24   中国青年网

9月17日,新华网报道,记者从首届卫星应用国际博览会上了解到,我国北斗三号全球定位系统正式启动建设,计划今年底将发射四颗全球组网卫星。

北斗卫星导航系统是中国正在实施的自主发展、独立运行的全球卫星导航系统,可以在全球范围内全天候、全天时为各类用户提供高精度、高可靠定位、导航、授时服务,并具有独特的短报文通信功能。

北斗卫星导航系统副总设计师冉承其表示:“我们正在建设的北斗三号系统,它除了全球覆盖以外,在性能上、系统的可靠性上,还会有大的提高。从定位精度来讲,会在现有系统性能提高一到两倍。”

中国为什么要耗时耗力的发展北斗卫星导航系统?期间是怎么与欧美日进行博弈的?中国的北斗卫星导航系统究竟发展的怎样?这篇文章讲清楚了。

本文转载自雷锋网,不代表瞭望智库观点。

国际上有一个高大上的俱乐部,它只有四个会员,却吸引了各国首脑的关注和众多顶级科学家工程师的研究,这个俱乐部就是GNSS(全球导航卫星系统),四个会员分别是美国GPS、欧洲伽利略GALILEO、俄罗斯格洛纳斯GLONASS、中国北斗COMPASS。

中国北斗是个新会员,同时也是发展势头最猛的会员,北斗是咋回事?对我们的生活有什么影响?这是一个很有意思的话题。关于北斗,学术期刊上的文章有很多了,但专业文章的术语太多,普通人读不懂,而且也不会有兴趣去读。

媒体和网络上也有一些介绍性的文章,多数是彰显政府成就的宣传稿,内容比较零散,不便于读者全面了解,而且很多文章的说法并不准确,显然是非专业人士写的。科技报道不是由科技人士撰写,而是文科出身的记者捉笔,这种现象是国内科技报道的痼疾。

因为专业的原因,我一直关注着北斗,而且多年通信专业基础课的教学实践,培养了我将复杂的专业问题用通俗的语言描述出来的特长。我利用了两个月的业余时间,查阅了大量公开发行的资料,梳理出了这篇全面介绍北斗卫星的科普长文。

1

从GPS说起

1957 年10月4日,苏联发射了全世界第一颗人造地球卫星,开创了人类的空间世纪。美国对此密切关注,有一位名叫比尔.盖伊和数学家和一位叫乔治.威芬巴赫的物理学家,他们在霍普斯金的应用物理实验室里发现了一个现象,那就是这颗卫星的频率出现了偏移,经研究发现是相对运动引起的多普勒频移效应。

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