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美国最新一期《神经学》周刊网页版刊载的一篇论文说,快速眼动睡眠期少的老人,罹患痴呆症的风险较高。快速眼动睡眠期正是梦发生的阶段。
美国科学促进会主办的EurekAlert网站援引论文作者、澳大利亚斯威本科技大学马修·帕塞的话报道,睡眠紊乱是痴呆症患者的一种普遍现象,但人们一直不清楚不同睡眠阶段是否影响痴呆症风险,“我们希望发现哪个阶段的睡眠可能关联痴呆症风险,结果,深度睡眠未见关联,快速眼动睡眠则有”。
帕塞带领研究小组收集321名平均年龄67岁老人的睡眠数据,平均追踪调查12年。在此期间,32人被确诊为痴呆症患者。研究人员发现,痴呆症患者的快速眼动睡眠期在睡眠总时间中所占比例平均为17%,而未患痴呆症的老人,快速眼动睡眠期比例为20%。综合考虑性别和年龄因素后,研究人员发现,快速眼动睡眠期比例低与罹患痴呆症风险高存在关联,快速眼动睡眠期在睡眠总时间中所占比例每降低一个百分点,罹患痴呆症风险就增加9%。即便再加上其他可能影响痴呆症风险或睡眠的因素,比如心脏病、抑郁症、药物使用等,结果仍然相似。
研究人员还发现,其他阶段睡眠与痴呆症风险未见关联。
帕塞说:“我们的发现显示,快速眼动睡眠可以作为痴呆症的预测器。”研究人员计划进一步研究这种关联背后的原因。
当然,这项研究有一定局限性。首先是样本较少,其次是样本中未包含倒班人群。倒班人群睡眠模式与众不同,而且容易出现睡眠紊乱。(黄敏)【新华社微特稿】
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