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二战巡洋舰残骸重见天日 揭秘美海军史上最大海难

2017-08-22 14:22:26   央视网

72年前,一艘美军巡洋舰在完成向美军基地秘密运送原子弹部件的任务后,在返航时被日军鱼雷击沉。这艘巡洋舰沉没的具体位置一直是谜,直到近日,其残骸才被发现,揭开了二战末期的那段历史。

1945年7月30日,美军“印第安纳波利斯”号巡洋舰完成向位于提尼安岛的美军基地运送原子弹部件及浓缩铀的秘密任务后返航,在关岛与莱特岛之间海域被日军一艘潜艇的鱼雷击中并沉没。据悉,由于“印第安纳波利斯”号的这项任务是如此的机密,它只能独自航行,而没有装备优良的护卫船只来侦察并打击日本潜艇。而正是其运送的这些重要的材料组装成的原子弹,后来在广岛和长崎植下了两颗恐怖的蘑菇云,加速了日本战败投降进程。

路透社称,据美国海军历史和遗产司令部记载,当时“印第安纳波利斯”号遭袭后在12分钟内就沉入水中,没有时间发出遇险信号,也来不及放出救生设备。舰上1196名官兵中约有800人在沉船时幸存,但因没有被及时发现,这些幸存的士兵们不得不在接下来的5天时间里,因暴晒、脱水、溺水和鲨鱼袭击而遇难。

在电影《大白鲨》中,片中的一个人物昆特回忆了当时鲨鱼是如何袭击失事军舰上的舰员的——许多从沉船事故中幸存下来的水兵却成了鲨鱼的食物,顿时海面上惨叫不绝,大片的海水被染成了血红色……

“印第安纳波利斯”号沉没具体位置成谜

最终“印第安纳波利斯”号船员只有316人生还。这也成为了美国海军史上最大的一次海上灾难。由于舰体快速下沉、外界又没有接收到求救信号等原因,该舰沉没的具体位置一直是谜。

2016年,一位海军史学家发现了有关该舰最后活动的新信息。这一信息把搜索工作引向一个新的区域。研究人员经过数个月的搜索,最终在菲律宾海某处发现了该舰残骸。

研究人员介绍,“印第安纳波利斯”号残骸位于太平洋关岛与莱特岛之间某处海域,在海平面以下5.5千米深处。

责任编辑:曲格林 CN064
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