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专访奥尼尔:金砖国家合作应对全球性挑战大有可为

2017-08-17 11:22:05   中国经济网

“金砖”概念首创者、英国前财政部商务大臣吉姆·奥尼尔日前在接受新华社记者专访时表示,“金砖”在提出16年后仍是个成功的概念,他期待未来“金砖”国家在全球健康、消除贫困等方面采取联合举措。

奥尼尔曾担任高盛首席经济学家和高盛资产管理部主席,在国际经贸领域经验丰富。2001年,他最先提出“金砖”这一名词,并认为金砖国家代表新兴市场和全球未来增长机遇。

奥尼尔说,金砖国家与其他政治组织主要有三点不同:首先,它们大多为人口大国;第二,它们都是发展中国家;第三,“金砖”是相对新兴的组织,而七国集团和欧盟等组织都已经存在了数十年。奥尼尔认为,这些正是金砖国家的优势,让它们有更多时间去制定更强有力的集体目标。

“如果金砖国家能够在全球共同推动积极变化,那么它们将很容易获得更大的影响力。”他说。

奥尼尔认为,在政治与经济之外,金砖国家可以设立更多符合成员国共同利益的合作议题,诸如全球健康挑战、共同消除贫困、气候变化、替代能源等。

他举例说,金砖国家可以共同应对全球健康挑战,特别是在一些传染性疾病的防治上。“目前很多国家都面临着肺结核病的潜在威胁,我们的评估显示,如果不解决抗生素耐药性的问题,未来全世界将出现大量人口死亡,特别是在发展中国家,”奥尼尔说,“我认为金砖国家应该尽快重视这一问题,合作应对挑战。”

他还认为,如果金砖国家想要成为世界经济发展的主导,在未来50年就需要逐渐成为全球经济政策的核心制定者。“要做到这一点,我认为金砖国家应该更坦诚、开放地应对问题。”

奥尼尔说,虽然有人认为近年来金砖国家经济增长速度放缓,认为“金砖褪色”,但他认为金砖国家现在仍是个成功的概念。他说,这一概念提出16年后,金砖国家的全球GDP比重高于他此前的任何一种设想,“金砖褪色”的说法很可笑。

谈到即将在厦门举行的金砖国家领导人第九次会晤,奥尼尔说,中国在会前提出将加强金砖国家之间在经济金融、人文交流、安全沟通等方面的合作,特别是在推动市场开放、加强各国间投资便利化和经济技术合作等方面的提议都很好。

他说:“如果金砖国家成功制定贸易刺激政策,这将加速它们的发展。”

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