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重庆:长江上游发现中华鲟野生成鱼

2017-09-27 10:57:53   

央广网重庆9月27日消息(记者吴新伟)近日,长航公安重庆忠县派出所与当地渔政部门在忠县大扬码头放生一尾国家一级保护动物、中华鲟。

重庆晚报消息说,这是近30多年来长江上游首次发现中华鲟野生(高度疑似)成鱼。这条中华鲟长约1.8米,重达60余公斤,系忠县顺溪一杨姓渔民在渔业捕捞作业中误捕。

据了解,野生中华鲟一度在长江上游绝迹。13年前的2004年,在长江上游绝迹20年的中华鲟首次现身。当年12月,忠县一渔民在长江忠县段误捕一尾中华鲟,该中华鲟长37.1厘米,重0.2公斤,是一尾幼龄中华鲟。渔政部门当即对其进行消毒和放生处理。

渔业专家介绍,中华鲟从幼鱼长到大型成鱼需8年到14年。近年来,长江上游的忠县至万州段,中华鲟偶有发现,但发现的中华鲟都以人工繁殖放生的居多,而且个体相对都比较小,30多年来还没有发现性成熟的个体,更不要说野生个体。

据研究,中华鲟的产卵群体中,雄鱼年龄一般为9~22岁,体重40~125公斤;雌鱼为16~29岁,体重172~300公斤。据观察,中华鲟每年平均增长速度较快,雄鱼5~8公斤,雌鱼为8~13公斤。但从幼鱼长到大型成鱼需8~14年。其性成熟较晚,达到初次性成熟,就可以繁殖后代了。

鲟是一亿五千万年前中生代留下的稀有古代鱼类,中华鲟生命周期较长,最长寿命可达40龄,是中国一级重点保护野生动物,有“水中大熊猫”之称,具有很高的科研和观赏价值。

中华鲟是典型的溯河洄游性鱼类。平时生活在东海、南海的沿海大陆架地带,在海中生长发育。刚出膜的仔鱼带有巨大的卵黄囊,形似蝌蚪,顺水漂流。次年春季,幼鲟渐次降河,5~8月份出现在长江口崇明岛一带,9月以后,幼鲟陆续离开长江口浅水滩涂,入海培育生长。

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