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“洋记者”在基层:和山里的孩子走路上学

2017-09-23 10:11:57   央广网

新华社北京9月23日电(记者海伦·本特利)破晓时分,12岁的郭运运和弟弟、妹妹已经起床,洗漱完毕,吃完早餐。他们需要步行一个小时去上学。

宁夏西吉县的陈岔小学离县城约40公里,是县里最偏远的小学。这里没有校车,你也看不到早晚高峰接送孩子上下学的父母大军。和运运一样,所有的孩子都必须自己走路上学、回家。

陈岔小学只有48名学生,分散在五个年级,还有11个孩子在学前班。学校只有三栋平房。校长张强的脸饱经风霜,粗糙得如同学校四周的山丘,手上可以看到劳作留下的伤痕,脚下的鞋子皱皱巴巴。他的声音平和冷静,讲起话来从容笃定,透着校长的权威。

“我自己小时候就不懂事,所以觉得当老师真不容易,不光自己要有知识,还要能把学到的教给学生。”他说着,脸上泛起微笑。

张校长是陈岔小学任职时间最久的老师,但也不过才刚刚两年。在宁夏南部,不少农村小学师资不足,老师们要在县内不同小学间调动。

陈岔村的户籍住户有363户。可实际上,这里只住着180多户,其他人基本已外出务工或者移民搬迁。留下来的住户中,有132户生活在贫困线以下。

改革开放以来,中国已有超过七亿人脱贫,占同期全球减少贫困人口比例超过70%。截至去年年底,中国还有4300万贫困人口,绝大多数生活在农村及偏远地区。

郭运运家去年的收入约有1万元,是建档立卡贫困户。运运妈妈非常要强,也为自己的孩子感到骄傲。她很少出门,每天忙于农活和照顾孩子,就算出门也不怎么打扮。她从没想过自己和丈夫能离开这个村子,但却期盼自己的孩子能走出山沟,去自治区首府银川上高中。

然而实现这个梦想也将意味着分离。银川的六盘山中学是宁夏两所专门接收贫困地区学生的中学之一。每一个贫困家庭都希望自己的孩子能通过入学考试,在这里读高中。

这所学校有三个年级,6000多名学生,当地教育部门为每一位学生提供资助,根据学习和生活花费提供月度津贴。去年这里的毕业生中,有106名来自西吉的学生考上了大学,其中就有来自陈岔小学的孩子。

“我们是在宁夏首府专门设置的一所扶贫高中。”校长金存钰一边说,一边带我漫步在校史馆中。“我们有三大任务:提供高水平教育、让少数民族和贫困孩子有书读、完全免费。”

在六盘山中学,学生身上都有一股学习的热情。学校鼓励学生积极参与课堂活动,多提问题。这里的学生非常自信。

“截至2016年,共有16000多名学生从我们学校毕业,15300名学生考入本科院校,这其中有约一半人留在宁夏。他们改变了自己和家人的生活,许多人还在努力改变自己的家乡。”金校长说。

二十年前,宁夏绝大部分人口居住在乡间。到了2016年年底,全自治区674.9万人口中,56.3%住进了城镇。

六盘山中学的大部分学生也希望将来能够留在城里,但不是作为农民工。毫无疑问,中国下一波劳动力大军将具有更多技能,更重要的是,他们会有更多的想法。

六盘山中学鼓励学生在假期返家时参加社会调查,调研自己家乡的问题,并根据自己在城市生活的经验和学到的知识提出解决方案。

他们,是宁夏的未来。他们尝过贫困的滋味,而他们学到的知识,可能就是中国未来终结贫困问题的有力工具。(翻译:冯启迪)

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